Lu Ke, Hu Ziyu, Ma Jizhen, Ma Houyi, Dai Liming, Zhang Jintao
Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
College of Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing, 100029, China.
Nat Commun. 2017 Sep 13;8(1):527. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00649-7.
Graphitic carbons have been used as conductive supports for developing rechargeable batteries. However, the classic ion intercalation in graphitic carbon has yet to be coupled with extrinsic redox reactions to develop rechargeable batteries. Herein, we demonstrate the preparation of a free-standing, flexible nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped hierarchically porous graphitic carbon for iodine loading by pyrolysis of polyaniline coated cellulose wiper. We find that heteroatoms could provide additional defect sites for encapsulating iodine while the porous carbon skeleton facilitates redox reactions of iodine and ion intercalation. The combination of ion intercalation with redox reactions of iodine allows for developing rechargeable iodine-carbon batteries free from the unsafe lithium/sodium metals, and hence eliminates the long-standing safety issue. The unique architecture of the hierarchically porous graphitic carbon with heteroatom doping not only provides suitable spaces for both iodine encapsulation and cation intercalation but also generates efficient electronic and ionic transport pathways, thus leading to enhanced performance.Carbon-based electrodes able to intercalate Li and Na ions have been exploited for high performing energy storage devices. Here, the authors combine the ion intercalation properties of porous graphitic carbons with the redox chemistry of iodine to produce iodine-carbon batteries with high reversible capacities.
石墨碳已被用作开发可充电电池的导电载体。然而，石墨碳中经典的离子嵌入尚未与外部氧化还原反应相结合来开发可充电电池。在此，我们展示了通过热解涂覆聚苯胺的纤维素擦拭布制备用于负载碘的独立、柔性氮磷共掺杂分级多孔石墨碳。我们发现杂原子可为封装碘提供额外的缺陷位点，而多孔碳骨架有利于碘的氧化还原反应和离子嵌入。离子嵌入与碘的氧化还原反应相结合，使得能够开发出不含不安全的锂/钠金属的可充电碘-碳电池，从而消除了长期存在的安全问题。具有杂原子掺杂的分级多孔石墨碳的独特结构不仅为碘的封装和阳离子嵌入提供了合适的空间，还产生了高效的电子和离子传输途径，从而提高了性能。能够嵌入锂和钠离子的碳基电极已被用于高性能储能装置。在此，作者将多孔石墨碳的离子嵌入特性与碘的氧化还原化学相结合，制备出具有高可逆容量的碘-碳电池。
