Telemanagement of Heart Failure Patients Across the Post-Acute Care Continuum.

BACKGROUND

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition causing nearly 1 million hospital admissions annually in the United States with 25% of patients rehospitalized within 30 days.

INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether telemanagement of HF patients throughout the post-acute continuum of care would reduce rehospitalization rates and improve patient self-care knowledge and satisfaction.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

HF patients discharged to a skilled nursing facility (SNF) received telemanagement by HF clinicians with opportunity for continuation at home with assistance of home healthcare (HHC) nurses. Wireless sensors worn at SNF and home captured continuous health information visible to HF clinicians on secure cloud database. Point-of-care devices were available at SNF. Patients had scheduled and as-needed video visits with audio and auscultation capacity with HF clinician. HF education was provided by SNF and HHC nursing. Patients were compared with historical control group receiving standard care at same SNF.

RESULTS

Patients receiving telemanagement had 29% lower rehospitalization rates (17% vs. 24%), despite higher predicted rehospitalization risk. Median age was 81. Seven of eight patients who were rehospitalized in the telemanagement group had advanced HF symptoms (New York Heart Association Class IV). Five patients in telemanagement group were receiving continuous inotrope infusions. Patients reported good satisfaction and self-care knowledge.

DISCUSSION

Reduction of rehospitalization rates was clinically significant in population of advanced age and HF symptoms. Technology enhanced communication content and timeliness across the post-acute care continuum.

CONCLUSION

Post-acute telemanagement may reduce rehospitalization rates even in high-risk, older HF populations.