Divisions of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Divisions of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2018 Feb;26(2):145-157. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.08.001. Epub 2017 Sep 11.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) characteristically causes an asymptomatic infection. While this latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is not contagious, reactivation to active tuberculosis disease (TB) causes the patient to become infectious. A vaccine has existed for TB for a century, while drug treatments have been available for over 70 years; despite this, TB remains a major global health crisis. Understanding the factors which allow the bacillus to control responses to host stress and mechanisms leading to latency are critical for persistence. Similarly, molecular switches which respond to reactivation are important. Recently, research in the field has sought to focus on reactivation, employing system-wide approaches and animal models. Here, we describe the current work that has been done to elucidate the mechanisms of reactivation and stop reactivation in its tracks.
结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）通常会引起无症状感染。虽然这种潜伏性结核感染（LTBI）没有传染性，但重新激活为活动性结核病（TB）会使患者具有传染性。一种结核病疫苗已经存在了一个世纪，而药物治疗已经有 70 多年的历史；尽管如此，结核病仍然是一个主要的全球健康危机。了解导致杆菌控制宿主应激反应的因素和导致潜伏的机制对于持续存在至关重要。同样，对重新激活做出反应的分子开关也很重要。最近，该领域的研究一直致力于重新激活，采用系统的方法和动物模型。在这里，我们描述了目前为阐明重新激活机制和阻止重新激活所做的工作。
