Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2017 Sep 1;118:94-108. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.006. Epub 2017 Sep 12.
Cell mimicry is a nature inspired concept that aims to substitute for missing or lost (sub)cellular function. This review focuses on the latest advancements in the use of enzymes in cell mimicry for encapsulated catalysis and artificial motility in synthetic bottom-up assemblies with emphasis on the biological response in cell culture or more rarely in animal models. Entities across the length scale from nano-sized enzyme mimics, sub-micron sized artificial organelles and self-propelled particles (swimmers) to micron-sized artificial cells are discussed. Although the field remains in its infancy, the primary aim of this review is to illustrate the advent of nature-mimicking artificial molecules and assemblies on their way to become a complementary alternative to their role models for diverse biomedical purposes.
细胞模拟是一种受自然启发的概念，旨在替代缺失或丧失的（亚）细胞功能。本综述重点介绍了最新进展，即在基于从头合成的封装催化和人工运动的仿生合成组装体中使用酶进行细胞模拟，重点关注细胞培养或更罕见的动物模型中的生物学反应。讨论了从纳米级酶模拟物、亚微米级人工细胞器和自推进颗粒（游泳者）到微米级人工细胞等不同长度尺度的实体。尽管该领域仍处于起步阶段，但本综述的主要目的是说明受自然启发的人工分子和组装体的出现，它们将成为各种生物医学用途中其模型分子的互补替代品。
