Jindal Anil B
Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani,, Pilani Campus,, Rajasthan-333031, India.
Int J Pharm. 2017 Oct 30;532(1):450-465. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.028. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
Encapsulation of therapeutic agents in nanoparticles offers several benefits including improved bioavailability, site specific delivery, reduced toxicity and in vivo stability of proteins and nucleotides over conventional delivery options. These benefits are consequence of distinct in vivo pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profile of nanoparticles, which is dictated by the complex interplay of size, surface charge and surface hydrophobicity. Recently, particle shape has been identified as a new physical parameter which has exerted tremendous impact on cellular uptake and biodistribution, thereby in vivo performance of nanoparticles. Improved therapeutic efficacy of anticancer agents using non-spherical particles is the recent development in the field. Additionally, immunological response of nanoparticles was also altered when antigens were loaded in non-spherical nanovehicles. The apparent impact of particle shape inspired the new research in the field of drug delivery. The present review therefore details the research in this field. The review focuses on methods of fabrication of particles of non-spherical geometries and impact of particle shape on cellular uptake, biodistribution, tumor targeting and production of immunological responses.
将治疗剂封装在纳米颗粒中具有多种益处，包括提高生物利用度、实现位点特异性递送、降低毒性以及与传统递送方式相比，蛋白质和核苷酸在体内具有更高的稳定性。这些益处源于纳米颗粒独特的体内药代动力学和生物分布特征，这是由尺寸、表面电荷和表面疏水性之间复杂的相互作用所决定的。最近，颗粒形状已被确定为一个新的物理参数，它对细胞摄取和生物分布产生了巨大影响，进而影响纳米颗粒的体内性能。使用非球形颗粒提高抗癌药物的治疗效果是该领域的最新进展。此外，当抗原负载在非球形纳米载体中时，纳米颗粒的免疫反应也会发生改变。颗粒形状的明显影响激发了药物递送领域的新研究。因此，本综述详细介绍了该领域的研究。该综述重点关注非球形几何形状颗粒的制备方法以及颗粒形状对细胞摄取、生物分布、肿瘤靶向和免疫反应产生的影响。
