Alfaro Freddy J, Gavrieli Anna, Saade-Lemus Patricia, Lioutas Vasileios-Arsenios, Upadhyay Jagriti, Novak Vera
Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Department of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215,USA.
Metabolism. 2018 Jan;78:52-68. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.08.009. Epub 2017 Sep 8.
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors defined by the presence of abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, hypertension and/or dyslipidemia. It is a major public health epidemic worldwide, and a known risk factor for the development of cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Several studies have demonstrated a positive association between the presence of metabolic syndrome and worse cognitive outcomes, however, evidence of brain structure pathology is limited. Diffusion tensor imaging has offered new opportunities to detect microstructural white matter changes in metabolic syndrome, and a possibility to detect associations between functional and structural abnormalities. This review analyzes the impact of metabolic syndrome on white matter microstructural integrity, brain structure abnormalities and their relationship to cognitive function. Each of the metabolic syndrome components exerts a specific signature of white matter microstructural abnormalities. Metabolic syndrome and its components exert both additive/synergistic, as well as, independent effects on brain microstructure thus accelerating brain aging and cognitive decline.
代谢综合征是一组心血管危险因素，由腹型肥胖、葡萄糖不耐受、高血压和/或血脂异常组成。它是全球范围内的一种主要公共卫生流行病，也是认知功能障碍和痴呆症发展的已知危险因素。多项研究表明，代谢综合征的存在与较差的认知结果之间存在正相关，然而，脑结构病理学的证据有限。扩散张量成像为检测代谢综合征中的微观结构白质变化提供了新机会，并有可能检测功能和结构异常之间的关联。本综述分析了代谢综合征对白质微观结构完整性、脑结构异常及其与认知功能关系的影响。代谢综合征的每个组成部分都对白质微观结构异常产生特定的特征。代谢综合征及其组成部分对脑微观结构产生累加/协同以及独立的影响，从而加速脑老化和认知衰退。
