Course of Environmental Adaptation Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori, Japan.
Birth Defects Res. 2018 Jan 15;110(1):27-34. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1109. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
Fructose intake has been correlated with increased prevalence of metabolic disorders including hypertension. In pregnant rats, fructose intake has been reported to have adverse effects on the health of its offspring. This study investigated the effects of gestational maternal fructose consumption and if supplementation with melinjo seed extracts to the maternal diet during lactation could benefit the offspring in later life.
Pregnant rats were randomly divided into three groups: untreated (CC), fructose-treated (FC), and fructose and melinjo-treated (FM). FC and FM groups received 100 g/L of D(-)-fructose solution by means of the drinking water during gestation while CC received normal drinking water. During lactation, CC and FC groups were given standard commercial laboratory diet, while the FM group was given commercial laboratory diet with 0.1% melinjo seed extracts. After weaning, the offspring were given normal drinking water and standard commercial diet until week 17. The blood pressure of the offspring was monitored until the 16th week. During week 17, the offspring were killed, and the kidneys were collected and analyzed.
The level of renal phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) in FM of 17-week female offspring was significantly higher compared with FC and CC groups. Maternal fructose intake down-regulated the renal endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthetase expression in FC and maternal melinjo seed extract consumption maintained renal endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthetase expression in FM of 17-week female offspring. In addition, maternal melinjo seed extract intake during lactation lowered the systolic blood pressure in FM of 17-week female offspring.
Female offspring were more vulnerable to the effects of placental fructose and melinjo seed extracts, suggesting sex-specific sensitivities. In summary, our data show that melinjo seed extract consumption during lactation improved vasodilation and attenuated the development of hypertension in the 17-week female offspring of fructose-fed pregnant rats. Birth Defects Research 110:27-34, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
果糖的摄入量与包括高血压在内的代谢紊乱的发生率增加有关。在怀孕的大鼠中，已报道果糖的摄入量对其后代的健康有不良影响。本研究调查了母体妊娠期果糖摄入的影响，如果在哺乳期补充榴梿果提取物对母体饮食是否有利于后代以后的生活。
将怀孕的大鼠随机分为三组：未处理组（CC）、果糖处理组（FC）和果糖及榴梿果处理组（FM）。FC 和 FM 组通过饮用水摄入 100g/L 的 D（-）-果糖溶液，而 CC 组则摄入正常饮用水。哺乳期时，CC 和 FC 组给予标准的商业实验室饮食，而 FM 组则给予含有 0.1%榴梿果提取物的商业实验室饮食。断奶后，子代给予正常饮用水和标准商业饮食，直至第 17 周。监测子代的血压，直至第 16 周。在第 17 周时，处死子代，收集肾脏进行分析。
17 周龄雌性子代 FM 组的肾脏磷酸化 AMP 激活蛋白激酶（pAMPK）水平明显高于 FC 和 CC 组。母体果糖摄入下调了 FC 组肾脏内皮型一氧化氮合酶的表达，而母体榴梿果提取物的消耗则维持了 FM 组 17 周龄雌性子代的肾脏内皮型一氧化氮合酶的表达。此外，哺乳期摄入榴梿果提取物降低了 FM 组 17 周龄雌性子代的收缩压。
雌性子代对胎盘果糖和榴梿果提取物的影响更敏感，提示存在性别特异性敏感性。综上所述，我们的数据表明，哺乳期摄入榴梿果提取物可改善血管舒张，并减轻果糖喂养的怀孕大鼠 17 周龄雌性子代高血压的发展。出生缺陷研究 110:27-34,2018。© 2017 年 Wiley 期刊出版公司
