Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Nutrients. 2017 Sep 20;9(9):1043. doi: 10.3390/nu9091043.
Diet and chronic inflammation of the colon have been suggested to be risk factors in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The possible link between inflammatory potential of diet, measured through the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and CRC has been investigated in several populations across the world. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis on studies exploring this association. Data from nine studies were eligible, of which five were case-control and four were cohort studies. Results from meta-analysis showed a positive association between increasing DII scores, indicating a pro-inflammatory diet, and CRC. Individuals in the highest versus the lowest (reference) DII category showed an overall 40% increased risk of CRC with moderate evidence of heterogeneity [relative risk (RR) = 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26, 1.55; ² = 69%, < 0.001]. When analyzed as a continuous variable, results showed an increased risk of CRC of 7% for a 1-point increase in the DII score. Results remained unchanged when analyses were restricted to the four prospective studies. Results of our meta-analysis support the importance of adopting a healthier anti-inflammatory diet in preventing CRC. These results further substantiate the utility of DII as tool to characterize the inflammatory potential of diet and to predict CRC.
饮食和结肠慢性炎症被认为是结直肠癌（CRC）发展的危险因素。通过饮食炎症指数（DII）来衡量饮食的炎症潜力与 CRC 之间的可能联系，已在世界范围内的多个人群中进行了研究。本研究旨在对探讨这种关联的研究进行荟萃分析。有 9 项研究的数据符合条件，其中 5 项为病例对照研究，4 项为队列研究。荟萃分析结果表明，DII 评分升高（提示炎症饮食）与 CRC 之间存在正相关。DII 评分最高组与最低组（参考）相比，CRC 的总体风险增加了 40%，异质性中等[相对风险（RR）=1.40，95%置信区间（CI）：1.26，1.55；²=69%，<0.001]。当作为连续变量进行分析时，DII 评分每增加 1 分，CRC 的风险增加 7%。当分析仅限于四项前瞻性研究时，结果仍然不变。我们的荟萃分析结果支持采用更健康的抗炎饮食来预防 CRC 的重要性。这些结果进一步证实了 DII 作为一种工具的实用性，可用于描述饮食的炎症潜力并预测 CRC。
