Lu Wei, Kelly Alan L, Miao Song
Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61C996, Ireland.
School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T12YN60, Ireland.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2017 Sep 20;7(9):282. doi: 10.3390/nano7090282.
The effects of the initial emulsion structure (droplet size and emulsifier) on the properties of β-carotene-loaded emulsions and the bioavailability of β-carotene after passing through simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) digestion were investigated. Exposure to GIT significantly changed the droplet size, surface charge and composition of all emulsions, and these changes were dependent on their initial droplet size and the emulsifiers used. Whey protein isolate (WPI)-stabilized emulsion showed the highest β-carotene bioaccessibility, while sodium caseinate (SCN)-stabilized emulsion showed the highest cellular uptake of β-carotene. The bioavailability of emulsion-encapsulated β-carotene based on the results of bioaccessibility and cellular uptake showed the same order with the results of cellular uptake being SCN > TW80 > WPI. An inconsistency between the results of bioaccessibility and bioavailability was observed, indicating that the cellular uptake assay is necessary for a reliable evaluation of the bioavailability of emulsion-encapsulated compounds. The findings in this study contribute to a better understanding of the correlation between emulsion structure and the digestive fate of emulsion-encapsulated nutrients, which make it possible to achieve controlled or potential targeted delivery of nutrients by designing the structure of emulsion-based carriers.
研究了初始乳液结构（液滴大小和乳化剂）对负载β-胡萝卜素乳液性质以及β-胡萝卜素经模拟胃肠道（GIT）消化后的生物利用度的影响。暴露于胃肠道会显著改变所有乳液的液滴大小、表面电荷和组成，并且这些变化取决于其初始液滴大小和所用的乳化剂。乳清蛋白分离物（WPI）稳定的乳液显示出最高的β-胡萝卜素生物可及性，而酪蛋白酸钠（SCN）稳定的乳液显示出最高的β-胡萝卜素细胞摄取量。基于生物可及性和细胞摄取结果，乳液包封的β-胡萝卜素的生物利用度与细胞摄取结果呈现相同顺序，即SCN > TW80 > WPI。观察到生物可及性和生物利用度结果之间存在不一致，这表明细胞摄取试验对于可靠评估乳液包封化合物的生物利用度是必要的。本研究中的发现有助于更好地理解乳液结构与乳液包封营养物消化命运之间的相关性，这使得通过设计基于乳液的载体结构来实现营养物的可控或潜在靶向递送成为可能。
