Adkins Jessica
Department of Philosophy, Saint Louis University, 3800 Lindell Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63116, USA.
HEC Forum. 2018 Mar;30(1):57-70. doi: 10.1007/s10730-017-9337-0.
The position of clinical ethicist exists to help resolve conflicts in the hospital. Sometimes these conflicts arise because of fundamental cultural differences between the patient and the medical team, and such cases present special challenges. Should the ideology of modern medicine reject the wishes of those who hold ideologies from differing cultures? How can the medical ethicist help resolve such conflicts? To answer these questions, I rely on the works of Alasdair MacIntyre. Using MacIntyre's philosophy, we can better understand why traditions exist, how conflicts arise, and how opposing traditions can collaborate in shared decision making. In order to overcome conflict, I conclude that MacIntyre's virtues of acknowledged dependence must be realized by the ethicist and those in disagreement over tradition. I use a case study of a young Amish patient to highlight the conflicts that arise and to help exhibit how shared decision making can be made possible.
临床伦理学家这一职位的存在是为了帮助解决医院中的冲突。有时这些冲突是由于患者与医疗团队之间存在根本性的文化差异而产生的，此类情况带来了特殊的挑战。现代医学的理念是否应该拒绝持有不同文化理念者的意愿？医学伦理学家如何帮助解决此类冲突？为了回答这些问题，我借鉴了阿拉斯戴尔·麦金太尔的著作。运用麦金太尔的哲学，我们能够更好地理解传统为何存在、冲突如何产生，以及相互对立的传统如何在共同决策中进行协作。为了克服冲突，我得出结论，伦理学家以及在传统问题上存在分歧的各方必须践行麦金太尔所说的承认依赖的美德。我通过一个年轻阿米什患者的案例研究来突出所产生的冲突，并展示共同决策是如何成为可能的。
