Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2X8, Canada.
Cirrhosis Care Clinic and CEGIIR, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2X8, Canada.
Nutrients. 2017 Jul 26;9(8):800. doi: 10.3390/nu9080800.
Poor dietary composition is an important factor in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The majority of NAFLD patients follow diets with overconsumption of simple carbohydrates, total and saturated fat, with reduced intake of dietary fiber and omega-3 rich foods. Although lifestyle modifications including weight loss and exercise remain the keystone of NAFLD management, modifying dietary composition with or without a calorie-restricted diet may also be a feasible and sustainable strategy for NAFLD treatment. In the present review article, we highlight the potential therapeutic role of a "high quality healthy diet" to improve hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction in patients with NAFLD, independent of caloric restriction and weight loss. We provide a literature review evaluating the evidence behind dietary components including fiber-, meat- and omega-3-rich diets and, pending further evidence, we concur with the EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Guidelines recommendation of the Mediterranean diet as the diet of choice in these patients.
不良的饮食结构是非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）进展的一个重要因素。大多数 NAFLD 患者的饮食中存在简单碳水化合物、总脂肪和饱和脂肪摄入过多，膳食纤维和富含 ω-3 的食物摄入减少的问题。尽管包括减肥和运动在内的生活方式改变仍然是 NAFLD 管理的基石，但在限制热量摄入的饮食基础上调整饮食结构也可能是治疗 NAFLD 的一种可行且可持续的策略。在本综述文章中，我们强调了“高质量健康饮食”在改善 NAFLD 患者肝脂肪变性和代谢功能障碍方面的潜在治疗作用，这种作用不依赖于热量限制和体重减轻。我们对饮食成分的相关文献进行了评估，包括富含纤维、肉类和 ω-3 的饮食，在有更多证据之前，我们同意 EASL-EASD-EASO 临床指南推荐地中海饮食作为这些患者的首选饮食。
