Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Oct;130(4):e205-e209. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002354.
Cannabis sativa (marijuana) is the illicit drug most commonly used during pregnancy. The self-reported prevalence of marijuana use during pregnancy ranges from 2% to 5% in most studies. A growing number of states are legalizing marijuana for medicinal or recreational purposes, and its use by pregnant women could increase even further as a result. Because of concerns regarding impaired neurodevelopment, as well as maternal and fetal exposure to the adverse effects of smoking, women who are pregnant or contemplating pregnancy should be encouraged to discontinue marijuana use. Obstetrician-gynecologists should be discouraged from prescribing or suggesting the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes during preconception, pregnancy, and lactation. Pregnant women or women contemplating pregnancy should be encouraged to discontinue use of marijuana for medicinal purposes in favor of an alternative therapy for which there are better pregnancy-specific safety data. There are insufficient data to evaluate the effects of marijuana use on infants during lactation and breastfeeding, and in the absence of such data, marijuana use is discouraged.
大麻（ marijuana ）是怀孕期间最常被滥用的非法药物。大多数研究报告的怀孕期间大麻使用率在 2%至 5%之间。越来越多的州出于医疗或娱乐目的使大麻合法化，因此孕妇使用大麻的情况可能会进一步增加。由于担心会损害神经发育，以及吸烟会使母亲和胎儿接触到不良影响，因此应鼓励那些怀孕或计划怀孕的妇女停止使用大麻。妇产科医生应劝阻在孕前、孕期和哺乳期开处方或建议使用大麻进行医疗用途。应鼓励孕妇或计划怀孕的妇女停止将大麻用于医疗目的，转而使用有更好的妊娠特定安全性数据的替代疗法。关于哺乳期和母乳喂养期间婴儿使用大麻的影响的数据不足，在没有这些数据的情况下，不鼓励使用大麻。
