Palusci Vincent J
New York University School of Medicine, Frances L. Loeb Child Protection and Development Center, 465 First Avenue, RM GC-65, New York, NY 10016, United States.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2017 Nov;52:159-167. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2017.09.008. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
The history of child abuse pediatrics reflects the development of medicine as a profession influenced by social movements reacting to poverty, economic exploitation, and child maltreatment. As physicians began to specialize in caring for children, egregious cases led them to recognize children were affected by special medical problems and diseases which were compounded by poor conditions and abuse and neglect. They developed the fields of pediatrics and child abuse pediatrics to advocate for their needs in courts and communities. Using a history of prominent physicians and cases, the objectives of this article are to: (1) rediscover the founding of pediatrics in NYC in the context of the environment which served as the setting for its development; (2) highlight our early understanding of the medical issues surrounding child maltreatment, with advocacy and forensic medicine becoming a growing part of medical care for children; and (3) explore the development of child abuse pediatrics in light of prominent physicians making major contributions to child protection. Timelines show the early interplay among social problems, publicized cases, private and governmental agencies, and the development of child abuse pediatrics. The article concludes with potential lessons to be learned and further questions about this interplay of child protection systems and the development of child abuse pediatrics.
儿童虐待儿科学的历史反映了医学作为一门专业的发展历程，它受到了针对贫困、经济剥削和儿童虐待等问题所做出的社会运动的影响。随着医生开始专门从事儿童护理工作，一些恶劣的案例促使他们认识到儿童会受到特殊的医疗问题和疾病的影响，而恶劣的环境、虐待和忽视又使这些问题更加复杂。他们发展了儿科学和儿童虐待儿科学领域，以便在法庭和社区中为儿童的需求进行倡导。本文利用杰出医生和案例的历史，旨在：（1）在其发展背景的环境中重新发现纽约市儿科学的创立；（2）突出我们对围绕儿童虐待的医学问题的早期理解，倡导和法医学日益成为儿童医疗护理的一部分；（3）鉴于杰出医生对儿童保护做出的重大贡献，探讨儿童虐待儿科学的发展。时间线展示了社会问题、公开案例、私人和政府机构以及儿童虐待儿科学发展之间的早期相互作用。文章最后总结了可能吸取的教训以及关于儿童保护系统与儿童虐待儿科学发展之间这种相互作用的进一步问题。
