van Puijenbroek Marinka E B, Teichmann Corry, Meijdam Noortje, Oliveras Imma, Berendse Frank, Limpens Juul
Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group (PEN) Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands.
Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK.
Ecol Evol. 2017 Aug 8;7(18):7290-7303. doi: 10.1002/ece3.3244. eCollection 2017 Sep.
Rising sea levels threaten coastal safety by increasing the risk of flooding. Coastal dunes provide a natural form of coastal protection. Understanding drivers that constrain early development of dunes is necessary to assess whether dune development may keep pace with sea-level rise. In this study, we explored to what extent salt stress experienced by dune building plant species constrains their spatial distribution at the Dutch sandy coast. We conducted a field transplantation experiment and a glasshouse experiment with two dune building grasses and . In the field, we measured salinity and monitored growth of transplanted grasses in four vegetation zones: (I) nonvegetated beach, (II) occurring, (III) both species co-occurring, and (IV) dominant. In the glasshouse, we subjected the two species to six soil salinity treatments, with and without salt spray. We monitored biomass, photosynthesis, leaf sodium, and nutrient concentrations over a growing season. The vegetation zones were weakly associated with summer soil salinity; zone I and II were significantly more saline than zones III and IV. performed equally (zone II) or better (zones III, IV) than , suggesting soil salinity did not limit species performance. Both species showed severe winter mortality. In the glasshouse, biomass decreased linearly with soil salinity, presumably as a result of osmotic stress. showed a nonlinear response to soil salinity with an optimum at 0.75% soil salinity. Our findings suggest that soil salinity stress either takes place in winter, or that development of vegetated dunes is less sensitive to soil salinity than hitherto expected.
海平面上升通过增加洪水风险威胁沿海安全。海岸沙丘提供了一种天然的海岸保护形式。了解限制沙丘早期发育的驱动因素对于评估沙丘发育是否能跟上海平面上升的速度至关重要。在本研究中，我们探讨了沙丘建造植物物种所经历的盐胁迫在多大程度上限制了它们在荷兰 sandy 海岸的空间分布。我们对两种沙丘建造草种进行了田间移植实验和温室实验。在田间，我们在四个植被区测量了盐度并监测了移植草的生长情况：（I）无植被海滩，（II）[此处原文缺失具体物种信息]出现的区域，（III）两种物种共存的区域，以及（IV）[此处原文缺失具体物种信息]占主导的区域。在温室中，我们对这两个物种进行了六种土壤盐度处理，有盐雾和无盐雾的情况。我们在一个生长季节中监测了生物量、光合作用、叶片钠含量和养分浓度。植被区与夏季土壤盐度的相关性较弱；I 区和 II 区的盐度明显高于 III 区和 IV 区。[此处原文缺失具体物种信息]表现相当（II 区）或更好（III 区、IV 区），这表明土壤盐度并未限制物种表现。两个物种都表现出严重的冬季死亡率。在温室中，[此处原文缺失具体物种信息]的生物量随土壤盐度呈线性下降可能是由于渗透胁迫。[此处原文缺失具体物种信息]对土壤盐度表现出非线性响应，在土壤盐度为 0.75%时达到最佳。我们的研究结果表明，土壤盐度胁迫要么发生在冬季，要么植被沙丘的发育对土壤盐度的敏感性低于迄今预期。
