Iqbal Mudassir, Dubey Mukesh, McEwan Kerstin, Menzel Uwe, Franko Mikael Andersson, Viketoft Maria, Jensen Dan Funck, Karlsson Magnus
First, second, fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden; third and fifth authors: Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7032, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden; and sixth author: Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Phytopathology. 2018 Jan;108(1):52-59. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-03-17-0091-R. Epub 2017 Nov 17.
Biological control is a promising approach to reduce plant diseases caused by nematodes. We tested the effect of the fungus Clonostachys rosea strain IK726 inoculation on nematode community composition in a naturally nematode infested soil in a pot experiment, and the effect of C. rosea on plant health. The numbers of plant-parasitic nematode genera extracted from soil and plant roots decreased by 40 to 73% when C. rosea was applied, while genera of nonparasitic nematodes were not affected. Soil inoculation of C. rosea increased fresh shoot weight and shoot length of wheat plants by 20 and 24%, respectively, while only shoot dry weight increased by 48% in carrots. Light microscopy of in vitro C. rosea-nematode interactions did not reveal evidence of direct parasitism. However, culture filtrates of C. rosea growing in potato dextrose broth, malt extract broth and synthetic nutrient broth exhibited toxicity toward nematodes and immobilized 57, 62, and 100% of the nematodes, respectively, within 48 h. This study demonstrates that C. rosea can control plant-parasitic nematodes and thereby improve plant growth. The most likely mechanism responsible for the antagonism is antibiosis through production of nematicidal compounds, rather than direct parasitism.
生物防治是一种很有前景的减少线虫引起的植物病害的方法。我们通过盆栽试验，测试了粉红粘帚霉IK726菌株接种对自然有线虫侵染的土壤中线虫群落组成的影响，以及粉红粘帚霉对植物健康的影响。当施用粉红粘帚霉时，从土壤和植物根系中提取的植物寄生线虫属数量减少了40%至73%，而非寄生线虫属则未受影响。土壤接种粉红粘帚霉使小麦植株的地上部鲜重和地上部长度分别增加了20%和24%，而胡萝卜仅地上部干重增加了48%。体外粉红粘帚霉与线虫相互作用的光学显微镜观察未发现直接寄生的证据。然而，在马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤、麦芽提取物肉汤和合成营养肉汤中生长的粉红粘帚霉菌株的培养滤液对线虫具有毒性，分别在48小时内使57%、62%和100%的线虫失去活动能力。本研究表明，粉红粘帚霉能够控制植物寄生线虫，从而促进植物生长。导致这种拮抗作用最可能的机制是通过产生杀线虫化合物进行抗生作用，而不是直接寄生。
