Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Japan.
Arch Microbiol. 2021 Dec 6;204(1):7. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02614-x.
Green manure can sustain agricultural production, preserve biodiversity, and mitigate soil degradation caused by long-term application of chemical fertilizers. Moreover, the application of green manure can improve soil health through increased soil biological activities. Nevertheless, little attention has been paid to the effects of leguminous and non-leguminous plants on phosphorus- and carbon-related enzyme activities and fungal community composition in soil. In this study, a pot experiment was carried out to elucidate the effects of two green manures on plant growth promoting potential, phosphorus- and carbon-related enzyme activities, and soil fungal community composition. Two green manure treatments (Brassica juncea and hairy vetch), poultry compost and control (no amendment) were applied and soil samples were collected after incorporation of green manure and after plant harvest. The results revealed that plant growth with hairy vetch was significantly higher than that with B. juncea and poultry compost, and soil enzyme activities were markedly higher with hairy vetch than with B. juncea. Both green manure amendments altered the soil fungal community composition. It is possible that the incorporation of green manure into soil and their mineralization and decomposition were controlled by the carbon: nitrogen ratio of the manures and that these manures were easily degradable by soil fungi. In particular, the incorporation of leguminous (hairy vetch) green manure with a low carbon: nitrogen ratio resulted in better plant growth through fast mineralization. Our findings suggest that green manure incorporation is an effective practice and provides substantial benefits to the soil-plant system.
绿肥可以维持农业生产、保护生物多样性、减缓因长期施用化肥造成的土壤退化。此外，绿肥的施用可以通过增加土壤生物活性来改善土壤健康。然而，人们很少关注豆科和非豆科植物对土壤中与磷和碳相关的酶活性和真菌群落组成的影响。本研究采用盆栽试验，阐明了两种绿肥对植物促生潜力、与磷和碳相关的酶活性以及土壤真菌群落组成的影响。两种绿肥处理（芥菜和毛野豌豆）、家禽粪肥和对照（不添加）被应用，在绿肥掺入和植物收获后采集土壤样品。结果表明，毛野豌豆的植物生长显著高于芥菜和家禽粪肥，毛野豌豆的土壤酶活性明显高于芥菜。两种绿肥处理均改变了土壤真菌群落组成。可能是绿肥施入土壤后，其矿化和分解受到肥料碳氮比的控制，而且这些肥料容易被土壤真菌降解。特别是低碳氮比的豆科（毛野豌豆）绿肥的掺入，通过快速矿化促进了植物的生长。我们的研究结果表明，绿肥的施用是一种有效的实践，为土壤-植物系统提供了实质性的好处。
