Shravani Vyamasani, Govindasamy Jothi, Annaiyan Shanthi, Iruthayasamy Johnson, Nallusamy Saranya, Eswaran Kokiladevi, Venkatesan Priyadharshini
Department of Nematology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 003, India.
Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 003, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2025 Jul 31;207(9):209. doi: 10.1007/s00203-025-04408-x.
The current study investigated the synergistic interactions between root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) and the wilt pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum) on ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula), and evaluated the biocontrol potential of Clonostachys rosea strain TNAU CrN01. Greenhouse assays revealed that inoculation of M. incognita seven days prior to F. oxysporum markedly increased disease severity, highlighting the importance of pathogen interaction sequence. Application of C. rosea significantly reduced nematode and fungal populations in a concentration-dependent manner, with 0.2% suspension reducing M. incognita and F. oxysporum by 85.1% and 91.8%, respectively. Compatibility tests confirmed that C. rosea could be co-applied with beneficial soil fauna posed no toxicity to non-target organisms including Steinernema siamkayai and Eudrilus eugeniae. Further, culture conditions were optimized using response surface methodology, with highest sporulation (1.97 × 10⁷ conidia/mL) achieved at 24 °C and a C: N ratio of 150:1. Glasshouse and field evaluations demonstrated that C. rosea talc formulation significantly enhanced plant growth and yield while effectively suppressing the nematode-fungus disease complex, outperforming other tested biocontrol agents. These results establish C. rosea TNAU CrN01 as a promising and eco-friendly biocontrol agent for the integrated management of nematode-fungal disease complexes in ridge gourd.
本研究调查了根结线虫（南方根结线虫）与枯萎病原菌（尖孢镰刀菌）对丝瓜（棱角丝瓜）的协同相互作用，并评估了粉红粘帚霉TNAU CrN01菌株的生物防治潜力。温室试验表明，在接种尖孢镰刀菌前7天接种南方根结线虫会显著增加病害严重程度，突出了病原菌相互作用顺序的重要性。施用粉红粘帚霉以浓度依赖的方式显著减少了线虫和真菌数量，0.2%的悬浮液分别使南方根结线虫和尖孢镰刀菌减少了85.1%和91.8%。兼容性测试证实，粉红粘帚霉可与有益土壤动物共同施用，对包括暹罗斯氏线虫和真地龙在内的非靶标生物无毒害作用。此外，使用响应面法优化了培养条件，在24℃和碳氮比为150:1时实现了最高产孢量（1.97×10⁷分生孢子/mL）。温室和田间评估表明，粉红粘帚霉滑石粉制剂显著促进了植物生长和产量，同时有效抑制了线虫 - 真菌病害复合体，优于其他测试的生物防治剂。这些结果表明，粉红粘帚霉TNAU CrN01是一种有前途的、生态友好的生物防治剂，可用于综合管理丝瓜中的线虫 - 真菌病害复合体。
