Plummer Ryan, Dzyundzyak Angela, Baird Julia, Bodin Örjan, Armitage Derek, Schultz Lisen
Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
PLoS One. 2017 Sep 25;12(9):e0185375. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185375. eCollection 2017.
Multi-stakeholder environmental management and governance processes are essential to realize social and ecological outcomes. Participation, collaboration, and learning are emphasized in these processes; to gain insights into how they influence stakeholders' evaluations of outcomes in relation to management and governance interventions we use a path analysis approach to examine their relationships in individuals in four UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. We confirm a model showing that participation in more activities leads to greater ratings of process, and in turn, better evaluations of outcomes. We show the effects of participation in activities on evaluation of outcomes appear to be driven by learning more than collaboration. Original insights are offered as to how the evaluations of outcomes by stakeholders are shaped by their participation in activities and their experiences in management and governance processes. Understanding stakeholder perceptions about the processes in which they are involved and their evaluation of outcomes is imperative, and influences current and future levels of engagement. As such, the evaluation of outcomes themselves are an important tangible product from initiatives. Our research contributes to a future research agenda aimed at better understanding these pathways and their implications for engagement in stewardship and ultimately social and ecological outcomes, and to developing recommendations for practitioners engaged in environmental management and governance.
多利益相关方环境管理与治理过程对于实现社会和生态成果至关重要。这些过程强调参与、协作和学习；为深入了解它们如何影响利益相关方对与管理和治理干预相关成果的评估，我们采用路径分析方法来研究它们在四个联合国教科文组织生物圈保护区内个体中的关系。我们验证了一个模型，该模型表明参与更多活动会带来对过程的更高评价，进而对成果有更好的评估。我们表明，参与活动对成果评估的影响似乎更多地是由学习而非协作驱动的。关于利益相关方对成果的评估如何受到其参与活动以及在管理和治理过程中的经历的影响，我们提供了独到的见解。了解利益相关方对其参与过程的看法及其对成果的评估至关重要，并会影响当前和未来的参与程度。因此，对成果本身的评估是各项举措的一项重要实际产出。我们的研究有助于推动未来的研究议程，旨在更好地理解这些路径及其对参与管理工作的影响，并最终影响社会和生态成果，同时为从事环境管理与治理的从业者制定建议。
