Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Department of Psychology, City University London, London, UK.
BMJ Open. 2017 Sep 25;7(9):e014413. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014413.
The National Health Service (NHS) Health Check is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment and management programme in England aiming to increase CVD risk awareness among people at increased risk of CVD. There is no tool to assess the effectiveness of the programme in communicating CVD risk to patients.
The aim of this paper was to develop a questionnaire examining patients' CVD risk awareness for use in health service research evaluations of the NHS Health Check programme.
We developed an 85-item questionnaire to determine patients' views of their risk of CVD. The questionnaire was based on a review of the relevant literature. After review by an expert panel and focus group discussion, 22 items were dropped and 2 new items were added. The resulting 65-item questionnaire with satisfactory content validity (content validity indices≥0.80) and face validity was tested on 110 NHS Health Check attendees in primary care in a cross-sectional study between 21 May 2014 and 28 July 2014.
Following analyses of data, we reduced the questionnaire from 65 to 26 items. The 26-item questionnaire constitutes four scales: Knowledge of CVD Risk and Prevention, Perceived Risk of Heart Attack/Stroke, Perceived Benefits and Intention to Change Behaviour and Healthy Eating Intentions. Perceived Risk (Cronbach's α=0.85) and Perceived Benefits and Intention to Change Behaviour (Cronbach's α=0.82) have satisfactory reliability (Cronbach's α≥0.70). Healthy Eating Intentions (Cronbach's α=0.56) is below minimum threshold for reliability but acceptable for a three-item scale.
The resulting questionnaire, with satisfactory reliability and validity, may be used in assessing patients' awareness of CVD risk among NHS Health Check attendees.
国民保健制度（NHS）健康检查是英格兰的一项心血管疾病（CVD）风险评估和管理计划，旨在提高心血管疾病风险较高人群对心血管疾病风险的认识。目前还没有工具可以评估该计划在向患者传达 CVD 风险方面的有效性。
本文旨在开发一种评估患者 CVD 风险意识的问卷，用于 NHS 健康检查计划的卫生服务研究评估。
我们开发了一个 85 项的问卷来确定患者对其 CVD 风险的看法。该问卷基于对相关文献的回顾。在专家小组审查和焦点小组讨论后，删除了 22 项，并增加了 2 项新内容。由此产生的 65 项具有满意内容有效性（内容有效性指数≥0.80）和表面有效性的问卷在 2014 年 5 月 21 日至 7 月 28 日期间在初级保健中对 110 名 NHS 健康检查参与者进行了横断面研究。
对数据进行分析后，我们将问卷从 65 项减少到 26 项。26 项问卷由四个量表组成：CVD 风险和预防知识、心脏病/中风的感知风险、感知益处和改变行为的意图以及健康饮食意图。感知风险（Cronbach's α=0.85）和感知益处和改变行为的意图（Cronbach's α=0.82）具有令人满意的可靠性（Cronbach's α≥0.70）。健康饮食意图（Cronbach's α=0.56）的可靠性低于最低阈值，但对于三项目量表来说是可以接受的。
具有满意可靠性和有效性的最终问卷可用于评估 NHS 健康检查参与者对 CVD 风险的认识。
