Camara Miguel A, Barba Alberto, Cermeño Sandra, Martinez Gracia, Oliva Jose
a Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Murcia , Murcia , Spain.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2017 Dec 2;52(12):880-886. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1361767. Epub 2017 Sep 26.
The aim of this research is to establish the processing factors of six pesticides durong the preparation of fresh-cut lettuce and to assess the risk of ingestion of pesticide residues associated with the consumption of the same. A field study was carried out on the dissipation of three insecticides (imidacloprid, tebufenozide, cypermethrin) and three fungicides (metalaxyl, tebuconazole, azoxystrobin) during treatment conditions simulating those used for commercial fresh-cut lettuce. A simultaneous residue analysis method is validated using QuEChERS extraction with acetonitrile and CG-MS and LC-MS/MS analysis. The residues detected after field application never exceed the established Maximum Residue Limits. The processing factors were generally less than 1 (between 0.34 for tebufenozide and 0.53 for imidacloprid), indicating that the process, as a whole, considerably reduces residue levels in processed lettuce compared to fresh lettuce. It is confirmed that cutting, followed by washing and drying, considerably reduces the residues. A matrix effect in the dialyzation of the pesticides is observed and the in vitro study of bioavailability establishes a low percentage of stomach absorption capacity (<15%). The EDI/ADI ratios found in all cases were well below their ADI values, and the dietary exposure assessed (EDI) in fresh-cut lettuce showed no concerns for consumer health.
本研究的目的是确定鲜切生菜制备过程中六种农药的加工因子，并评估与食用鲜切生菜相关的农药残留摄入风险。在模拟商业鲜切生菜使用条件的处理过程中，对三种杀虫剂（吡虫啉、虫酰肼、氯氰菊酯）和三种杀菌剂（甲霜灵、戊唑醇、嘧菌酯）的消散情况进行了田间研究。采用乙腈QuEChERS萃取结合气相色谱 - 质谱联用（CG-MS）和液相色谱 - 质谱联用（LC-MS/MS）分析，验证了一种同时残留分析方法。田间施药后检测到的残留量从未超过既定的最大残留限量。加工因子一般小于1（虫酰肼为0.34，吡虫啉为0.53），这表明与新鲜生菜相比，整个加工过程大大降低了加工生菜中的残留水平。证实切割，随后清洗和干燥，可大大减少残留量。观察到农药透析过程中的基质效应，生物利用度的体外研究确定胃吸收能力的百分比很低（<15%）。所有情况下发现的估计每日摄入量（EDI）/每日允许摄入量（ADI）比值远低于其ADI值，鲜切生菜的膳食暴露评估（EDI）表明对消费者健康没有担忧。
