Gurak Kayla K, Weisman de Mamani Amy, Ironson Gail
Department of Psychology, University of Miami.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2017 Oct;85(10):937-949. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000234.
People dealing with serious mental illness frequently report turning to religion to help cope with the disorder. However, little is known about how religion impacts commitment to psychotherapy programs for people with schizophrenia and their caregivers.
In a sample of 64 families enrolled in a culturally informed family treatment for schizophrenia that targets religiosity, we hypothesized that patients and caregivers who use high levels of adaptive religious coping and low levels of maladaptive religious coping, would be less likely to drop out of treatment than their counterparts.
In line with hypotheses, results demonstrated that greater maladaptive religious coping was associated with fewer family therapy sessions attended. Contrary to expectations, greater adaptive religious coping was also associated with attending fewer family therapy sessions.
Results suggest that any type of religious coping may be associated with higher levels of attrition from family therapy. Perhaps spiritual/religious people are already getting support and guidance from their beliefs and practices that aid them in coping with mental illness. Results may also suggest that there is a "religiosity gap" in which religious individuals perceive a disconnect between their beliefs and the beliefs of their mental health providers. It is important to point out that in this study, of those who dropped out prematurely, nearly all did so before the religiosity segment of treatment even began. Modifying how family treatments are introduced early on in therapy to ensure they appear congruent with the beliefs and values of religious families may help to reduce attrition. (PsycINFO Database Record
患有严重精神疾病的人经常报告称会求助于宗教来帮助应对疾病。然而，对于宗教如何影响精神分裂症患者及其照顾者对心理治疗项目的参与度，我们知之甚少。
在一个纳入了64个家庭的样本中，这些家庭参与了一项针对宗教信仰的、具有文化针对性的精神分裂症家庭治疗。我们假设，与那些适应性宗教应对水平低且不良适应性宗教应对水平高的患者及其照顾者相比，适应性宗教应对水平高且不良适应性宗教应对水平低的患者及其照顾者退出治疗的可能性更小。
与假设一致，结果表明，更高水平的不良适应性宗教应对与参加的家庭治疗疗程较少相关。与预期相反，更高水平的适应性宗教应对也与参加的家庭治疗疗程较少相关。
结果表明，任何类型的宗教应对都可能与家庭治疗中更高的脱落率相关。也许有精神信仰的人已经从他们的信仰和实践中获得了支持和指导，这有助于他们应对精神疾病。结果还可能表明存在一种“宗教信仰差距”，即有宗教信仰的个体认为他们的信仰与心理健康提供者的信仰之间存在脱节。需要指出的是，在这项研究中，那些过早退出的人，几乎所有人都是在治疗的宗教信仰部分甚至还未开始之前就退出了。调整在治疗早期引入家庭治疗的方式，以确保其与宗教家庭的信仰和价值观相一致，可能有助于减少脱落率。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
