Fondation France Répit, Lyon, France.
Clinical Research and Innovation Department Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
Eur J Public Health. 2017 Oct 1;27(5):796-801. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx103.
Clinicians, researchers and politicians are seeking to better assess caregiver's needs. Challenges exist in broadly implementing this so as to provide appropriate support. The aim of this review was to compile self-administered instruments for assessment of caregiver's needs that are deemed to be scientifically robust.
The Medline database was searched for publications reporting self-administered instruments assessing caregiver's needs with acceptable psychometric properties. These instruments were analyzed in terms of the development context, target population, concept, purpose, structure, content and psychometric properties. The dimensions of the needs were listed and categorized.
A total of nine self-administered instruments were analyzed. They averaged 32 items, they were specifically developed for a targeted subpopulation of caregivers and dedicated to epidemiological research. Response devices were based on Likert scales. The main dimensions of the needs identified were 'Health and Care', 'Psychological - Emotional Support', 'Information-Knowledge', 'Social Life-Work-Finance'. None was specifically geared toward caregivers for the elderly, children or teenagers. In the absence of transcultural validation, no instrument was directly usable in Europe.
Assessing caregivers' needs is a key part in providing caregivers with appropriate support. The development of self-administered instruments constitutes a complex field that is still underexplored at the international level; strict specifications with psychometric validation are essential. To be efficient, the instrument should be integrated in a larger process including: upstream, recognition, identification and assessment of the overall situation of the caregiver; and downstream, guidance, establishment and follow-up of a suitable action plan.
临床医生、研究人员和政策制定者正在寻求更好地评估照顾者的需求。在广泛实施这一评估方法以提供适当的支持方面存在挑战。本综述的目的是编制被认为具有科学可靠性的照顾者需求自我评估工具。
在 Medline 数据库中搜索报告具有可接受心理测量特性的自我评估照顾者需求的工具。从发展背景、目标人群、概念、目的、结构、内容和心理测量特性等方面对这些工具进行了分析。列出并分类了需求的维度。
共分析了 9 种自我评估工具。它们平均有 32 个项目，专门为有针对性的照顾者亚人群开发，致力于进行流行病学研究。反应装置基于李克特量表。确定的需求的主要维度是“健康和护理”、“心理 - 情感支持”、“信息 - 知识”、“社会生活 - 工作 - 财务”。没有一个工具专门针对老年人、儿童或青少年的照顾者。在没有跨文化验证的情况下，没有一种工具可以直接在欧洲使用。
评估照顾者的需求是为照顾者提供适当支持的关键部分。自我评估工具的开发是一个复杂的领域，在国际层面上仍未得到充分探索；严格的规范和心理测量验证至关重要。为了提高效率，该工具应整合到一个更大的过程中，包括：上游，识别、确定和评估照顾者的整体情况；下游，指导、制定和跟进合适的行动计划。
