Spitoni Grazia Fernanda, Bevacqua Sara, Cerini Claudia, Ciurli Paola, Piccardi Laura, Guariglia Paola, Pezzuti Lina, Antonucci Gabriella
Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2018 Jun 1;33(4):466-476. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acx072.
The Hayling and Brixton tests constitute a short test battery that quickly assesses verbal and spatial inhibition and flexibility. This battery has shown high construct validity and strong reliability in clinical and experimental settings. The aim of this study was to develop an Italian version of the Hayling and Brixton tests and obtain normative values.
We collected normative data from 301 healthy Italian participants aged between 16 and 94 years, taking into account all demographics. To maximize the sample size, we used the overlapping interval strategy. Adjusted scores for demographics were obtained by linear regression analysis.
The performance on the Hayling and Brixton tests was influenced by age and education. In particular, age affected verbal accuracy and response time on the Hayling Sentence Completion Test, whereas education only affected the former. Differently, the spatial component, as measured by the Brixton Spatial Anticipation Test, was shaped only by age, which decreased the number of correct responses.
Our study provides normative data that have been adjusted for relevant demographics and percentile grids in an Italian population. Our data support the use of the Hayling and Brixton tests as a valid instrument for performing neuropsychological evaluations and longitudinal analyses of executive functions in clinical practice and for research purposes.
海林（Hayling）测试和布里克斯顿（Brixton）测试构成了一个简短的测试组，可快速评估言语和空间抑制及灵活性。该测试组在临床和实验环境中已显示出较高的结构效度和较强的信度。本研究的目的是开发海林测试和布里克斯顿测试的意大利语版本并获取常模值。
我们收集了301名年龄在16至94岁之间的健康意大利参与者的常模数据，同时考虑了所有人口统计学特征。为了最大化样本量，我们采用了重叠区间策略。通过线性回归分析获得了针对人口统计学特征的调整分数。
海林测试和布里克斯顿测试的表现受年龄和教育程度的影响。具体而言，年龄影响海林句子完成测试中的言语准确性和反应时间，而教育程度仅影响前者。不同的是，布里克斯顿空间预期测试所衡量的空间成分仅受年龄影响，年龄会减少正确反应的数量。
我们的研究提供了针对意大利人群中相关人口统计学特征和百分位数网格进行调整的常模数据。我们的数据支持将海林测试和布里克斯顿测试用作在临床实践和研究中进行神经心理学评估以及执行功能纵向分析的有效工具。
