Williams John Russell, Rayburn James R, Cline George R, Sauterer Roger, Friedman Mendel
Biology Department, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL 36265, USA.
Produce Safety and Microbiology Research, Western Regional Research Center, ARS-USDA, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
Toxicol Rep. 2014 Dec 17;2:222-227. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.12.005. eCollection 2015.
The pungent natural compound allyl isothiocyanate isolated from the seeds of () plants such as mustard is reported to exhibit numerous beneficial health-promoting antimicrobial, antifungal, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective properties. Because it is also reported to damage DNA and is toxic to aquatic organisms, the objective of the present study was to determine whether it possesses teratogenic properties. The frog embryo teratogenesis assay- (FETAX) was used to determine the following measures of developmental toxicity of the allyl isothiocyanate: (a) 96-h LC50, defined as the median concentration causing 50% embryo lethality; (b) 96-h EC50, defined as the median concentration causing 50% malformations of the surviving embryos; and (c) teratogenic malformation index (TI), equal to 96-h LC50/96-h EC50. The quantitative results and the photographs of embryos before and after exposure suggest that allyl isothiocyanate seems to exhibit moderate teratogenic properties. The results also indicate differences in the toxicity of allyl isothiocyanate toward exposed embryos observed in the present study compared to reported adverse effects of allyl isothiocyanate in fish, rodents, and humans. The significance of the results for food safety and possible approaches to protect against adverse effects of allyl isothiocyanate are discussed.
从芥末等（）植物种子中分离出的辛辣天然化合物异硫氰酸烯丙酯据报道具有多种有益健康的特性，如抗菌、抗真菌、抗癌、心脏保护和神经保护作用。由于它也被报道会损害DNA且对水生生物有毒，本研究的目的是确定它是否具有致畸特性。青蛙胚胎致畸试验（FETAX）用于确定异硫氰酸烯丙酯发育毒性的以下指标：（a）96小时半数致死浓度（LC50），定义为导致50%胚胎死亡的中位浓度；（b）96小时半数致畸浓度（EC50），定义为导致存活胚胎50%出现畸形的中位浓度；以及（c）致畸畸形指数（TI），等于96小时LC50/96小时EC50。定量结果以及暴露前后胚胎的照片表明，异硫氰酸烯丙酯似乎具有中等致畸特性。结果还表明，与报道的异硫氰酸烯丙酯对鱼类、啮齿动物和人类的不良影响相比，本研究中观察到的异硫氰酸烯丙酯对暴露胚胎的毒性存在差异。讨论了这些结果对食品安全的意义以及预防异硫氰酸烯丙酯不良影响的可能方法。
