School of Health and Society, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
School of Dental Science, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
J Clin Periodontol. 2018 Feb;45(2):233-240. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12822. Epub 2017 Nov 29.
To determine the prevalence and development of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis and to assess risk factors over time.
The study is a longitudinal case series assessing the occurrence and diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.
A total of 218 of 294 patients who had received dental implants between 1988 and 1992 were examined between 2000 and 2002 (examination II; 9-14 years after the first examination). At examination III (20-26 years after examination I, on average 23.3 years), 86 individuals were re-examined. The diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis at examination III was 54.7% and 22.1%, respectively. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis after examination II resulted in a bone gain for two of 12 individuals. Individuals with ≥3 implants at examination II were at risk for peri-implantitis at examination III (P< 0.05). Radiographic evidence of periodontitis (p = 0.40), a diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis (p = .77) or smoking (p = .86) at examination II were not predictive of peri-implantitis at examination III.
The diagnosis and occurrence of peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis were high. Healthy conditions at implants after 9-14 years were predictive of future implant health.
确定种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎的流行率和发展情况，并评估随时间推移的风险因素。
本研究为一项纵向病例系列研究，评估种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎的发生和诊断。
1988 年至 1992 年间接受牙种植体的 294 名患者中，共有 218 名患者于 2000 年至 2002 年（第一次检查后 9-14 年）进行了检查（检查 II）。在检查 III（第一次检查后 20-26 年，平均 23.3 年）中，有 86 名个体被重新检查。在检查 III 时，诊断为种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎的分别为 54.7%和 22.1%。在检查 II 后对种植体周围炎进行的手术治疗导致 12 名患者中的 2 名出现骨量增加。在检查 II 时具有≥3 个种植体的个体在检查 III 时发生种植体周围炎的风险较高（P<0.05）。在检查 II 时存在牙周炎的放射学证据（p=0.40）、种植体周围黏膜炎的诊断（p=0.77）或吸烟（p=0.86）均不能预测检查 III 时的种植体周围炎。
种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎的诊断和发生情况较高。种植体在 9-14 年后的健康状况可预测未来种植体的健康状况。
