Hosseinzadeh Kazem, Azimian Jalil
Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Aug;11(8):FC06-FC09. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/25368.10495. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
Scientific studies revealed a high prevalence rate of self-medication among Iranians, nevertheless there are few studies exploring the factors affecting on.
This study was conducted to detect the knowledge and behaviour of individuals who take antibiotics arbitrarily.
The research population included all Iranian men and women between 20 and 60 years. The sample size based on previous studies and after applying the correction factor 1.6. Total of 950 subjects were involved in this cross-sectional study. Face and content validity (qualitative) tool was confirmed by expert faculty members. It was estimated based on Cronbach's alpha reliability 0.73. After coding, all data were entered into SPSS and analyzed.
The mean and SD of knowledge was 4.58±0.65. Sore throat (80%) and runny nose (70%) were the most common causes of antibiotic consumption in the participants. The most common reason for antibiotic use was its availability. More than 68% of participants said they never read the brochure of antibiotics. More than 51% of them were unable to understand the content of the brochure. There was a positive relation between participants' knowledge and performance. More than 60% of them had a history of dosage change.
Results of present study revealed that the study population did not possess the requisite knowledge about the appropriate behaviour in the use of antibiotics. It is recommended to do some educational program in order to improve their knowledge and behaviour. Further studies with larger sample in this regard are recommended.
科学研究表明，伊朗人自我药疗的患病率很高，然而，很少有研究探讨影响自我药疗的因素。
本研究旨在检测随意服用抗生素的个体的知识和行为。
研究人群包括所有年龄在20至60岁之间的伊朗男性和女性。样本量基于先前的研究并应用校正因子1.6后确定。共有950名受试者参与了这项横断面研究。面部和内容效度（定性）工具经专家教员确认。根据Cronbach's alpha可靠性估计为0.73。编码后，所有数据输入SPSS进行分析。
知识的均值和标准差为4.58±0.65。喉咙痛（80%）和流鼻涕（70%）是参与者服用抗生素最常见的原因。使用抗生素最常见的原因是其容易获得。超过68%的参与者表示他们从未阅读过抗生素说明书。超过51%的人无法理解说明书的内容。参与者的知识与行为之间存在正相关。超过60%的人有过改变剂量的历史。
本研究结果表明，研究人群在抗生素使用的适当行为方面不具备必要的知识。建议开展一些教育项目，以提高他们的知识和行为。建议在这方面进行更大样本量的进一步研究。
