Zhang Guoping, Wang Zeyao, Wu Jie, Zhao Lun
The China Academy of Corporate Governance and Business School, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China.
The Center for Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Department of Psychology, Peking UniversityBeijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2017 Aug 24;8:1152. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01152. eCollection 2017.
It was found that face classification by race is more quickly for other-race than own-race faces (other-race classification advantage, ORCA). Controlling the spatial frequencies of face images, the current study investigated the perceptual processing differences based on spatial frequencies between own-race and other-race faces that might account for the ORCA. Regardless of the races of the observers, the own-race faces were classified faster and more accurately for broad-band faces than for both lower and higher spatial frequency (SF) faces, whereas, although other-race faces were classified less accurately for higher SF than for either broad-band or lower SF faces, there was no difference between broad-band and lower SF conditions of other-race faces. Although it was not evident for higher SF condition, the ORCA was more evident for lower SF than that for broad-band faces. The present data indicate that global/configural information is needed for subordinate race categorization of faces and that an important source of ORCA is application of global/configural computations by default while categorizing an own-race face but not while categorizing an other-race face.
研究发现，对其他种族面孔进行种族面部分类比对本种族面孔更快（其他种族分类优势，ORCA）。通过控制面部图像的空间频率，本研究调查了基于空间频率的本种族和其他种族面孔之间的感知处理差异，这些差异可能解释了ORCA。无论观察者的种族如何，对于宽带面孔，本种族面孔的分类速度比低空间频率（SF）和高空间频率面孔都更快、更准确，而对于其他种族面孔，虽然高SF面孔的分类准确性低于宽带或低SF面孔，但宽带和低SF条件下的其他种族面孔之间没有差异。虽然在高SF条件下不明显，但ORCA在低SF条件下比在宽带面孔中更明显。目前的数据表明，对面孔进行从属种族分类需要全局/整体信息，ORCA的一个重要来源是在对本种族面孔进行分类时默认应用全局/整体计算，而对其他种族面孔进行分类时则不然。
