a Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Carlow R93 V960, Ireland.
b School of Biomedical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2018 Feb;43(2):113-122. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0275. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
The consumption of milk following eccentric exercise attenuates the effects of muscle damage in team-sport athletes. However, participation in team sport involves both concentric-eccentric loading and metabolic stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of postexercise milk consumption on recovery from a cycling protocol designed to simulate the metabolic demands of team sport. Ten female team-sport athletes participated in a randomised crossover investigation. Upon completion of the protocol participants consumed 500 mL of milk (MILK) or 500 mL of an energy-matched carbohydrate (CHO) drink. Muscle function (peak torque, rate of force development, countermovement jump, 20-m sprint), muscle soreness and tiredness, serum creatine kinase, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and measures of oxidative stress (protein carbonyls and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio) were determined at pre-exercise and 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postexercise. MILK had a possible beneficial effect in attenuating losses in peak torque (180°/s) from baseline to 24 h (3.2% ± 7.8% vs. -6.2% ± 7.5%, MILK vs. CHO) and a possible beneficial effect in minimising soreness (baseline-48 h; baseline-72 h) and tiredness (baseline-24 h; baseline-72 h). There was no change in oxidative stress following the exercise protocol, though a likely benefit of milk was observed for GSH/GSSG ratio at baseline-24 h (0.369 ×/÷ 1.89, 1.103 ×/÷ 3.96, MILK vs. CHO). MILK had an unclear effect on all other variables. Consumption of 500 mL of milk after repeat sprint cycling had little to no benefit in minimising losses in peak torque or minimising increases in soreness and tiredness and had no effect on serum markers of muscle damage and inflammation.
运动后摄入牛奶可减轻团队运动运动员的肌肉损伤,但参与团队运动还涉及向心-离心负荷和代谢应激。因此,本研究旨在探究运动后摄入牛奶对模拟团队运动代谢需求的自行车方案后恢复的影响。10 名女性团队运动运动员参与了随机交叉研究。方案完成后,参与者摄入 500mL 牛奶(MILK)或 500mL 能量匹配的碳水化合物(CHO)饮料。在运动前和运动后 24、48 和 72 小时,测定肌肉功能(峰值扭矩、肌力发展速率、反跳跳、20m 冲刺)、肌肉酸痛和疲劳、血清肌酸激酶、高敏 C 反应蛋白以及氧化应激指标(蛋白羰基和还原型谷胱甘肽/氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSH/GSSG)比值)。MILK 可能对减轻从基线到 24 小时的峰值扭矩损失(180°/s)具有有益作用(3.2%±7.8%对-6.2%±7.5%,MILK 对 CHO),且可能对减轻酸痛(基线-48 小时;基线-72 小时)和疲劳(基线-24 小时;基线-72 小时)具有有益作用。尽管在基线-24 小时观察到 GSH/GSSG 比值的牛奶可能有益(0.369×/÷1.89,1.103×/÷3.96,MILK 对 CHO),但运动方案后氧化应激没有变化。MILK 对所有其他变量的影响均不明确。重复冲刺自行车运动后摄入 500mL 牛奶对减轻峰值扭矩损失或减轻酸痛和疲劳增加几乎没有益处,对血清肌肉损伤和炎症标志物也没有影响。