Kong Lingbo, Lu Yu, Zhang Siyu, Nan Yuemin, Qiao Liang
Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China.
Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, the University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
Discov Med. 2017 Sep;24(131):95-106.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the world. The nutrients play important roles in the development and progression of NAFLD. High-calorie diet, especially the diet rich in saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, as well as sugary drinks with high fructose content, induces hepatic steatosis and triggers progression of steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Disordered micronutrient status and gut microbiota are also involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Nutrients related NAFLD could be aggravated by a genetic predisposition, for instance, genetic mutations in patatinlike phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) and transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2). Reduction of caloric intake through lifestyle interventions and use of dietary supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and probiotics may help alleviate liver injury in NAFLD.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是全球最常见的肝脏疾病。营养物质在NAFLD的发生和发展中起着重要作用。高热量饮食，尤其是富含饱和脂肪酸和胆固醇的饮食，以及高果糖含量的含糖饮料，会诱发肝脂肪变性并引发脂肪性肝炎、纤维化甚至肝细胞癌的进展。微量营养素状态紊乱和肠道微生物群也参与了NAFLD的发病机制。与营养物质相关的NAFLD可能会因遗传易感性而加重，例如，含patatin样磷脂酶结构域3（PNPLA3）和跨膜6超家族成员2（TM6SF2）的基因突变。通过生活方式干预减少热量摄入以及使用ω-3脂肪酸、维生素和益生菌等膳食补充剂可能有助于减轻NAFLD中的肝损伤。
