Antova Ginka A, Angelova-Romova Maria Y, Petkova Zhana Y, Teneva Olga T, Marcheva Marina P, Zlatanov Magdalen D
Department of Chemical Technology, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tzar Asen Street, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Agricultural University - Plovdiv, 12 Mendeleev Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
J Food Sci Technol. 2017 Sep;54(10):3044-3049. doi: 10.1007/s13197-017-2739-9. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
Biologically active components in lipids (fatty acids, phospholipids, sterols and tocopherols) from three varieties of seeds introduced in Bulgaria (BGR 457 and BGR 458 with German origin, and BGR 459 with US origin) were investigated. Glyceride oil in the seeds was found to be 36.6, 34.2 and 35.4%, respectively. Total phospholipid content was 2.4, 1.7 and 2.6% and the main classes were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The amount of sterols in the oil was 0.3% for all samples and the major component was β-sitosterol, followed by campesterol and stigmasterol. Total tocopherols in the oils were 768, 795 and 856 mg kg, respectively and α-tocopherol predominated (more than 70.0%). Fatty acid composition of triacylglycerols and sterol esters was also established. Main fatty acids in triacylglycerols were linoleic (47.5-50.5%), oleic (30.2-32.4%) and palmitic acids (13.0-13.5%). The content of saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic) in sterol esters (40.1-50.9%) was significantly higher than in triacylglycerols (18.3-19.4%).
对引进到保加利亚的三个品种种子(原产于德国的BGR 457和BGR 458,以及原产于美国的BGR 459)中的脂质(脂肪酸、磷脂、甾醇和生育酚)生物活性成分进行了研究。发现种子中的甘油酯油含量分别为36.6%、34.2%和35.4%。总磷脂含量分别为2.4%、1.7%和2.6%,主要类别为磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰肌醇和磷脂酰乙醇胺。所有样品油中的甾醇含量均为0.3%,主要成分是β-谷甾醇,其次是菜油甾醇和豆甾醇。油中的总生育酚含量分别为768、795和856毫克/千克,且α-生育酚占主导(超过70.0%)。还确定了三酰甘油和甾醇酯的脂肪酸组成。三酰甘油中的主要脂肪酸为亚油酸(47.5 - 50.5%)、油酸(30.2 - 32.4%)和棕榈酸(13.0 - 13.5%)。甾醇酯中饱和脂肪酸(棕榈酸和硬脂酸)的含量(40.1 - 50.9%)显著高于三酰甘油中的含量(18.3 - 19.4%)。