Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Dobele, Latvia.
Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
J Sci Food Agric. 2019 Mar 30;99(5):2078-2087. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9400. Epub 2018 Nov 10.
The seeds of Vitis vinifera grapes have been studied extensively but knowledge about the interspecific crosses of other Vitis species (e.g. V. vinifera, V. amurensis, V. rupestris, V. riparia, and V. labruska) is very limited.
The oil yields recovered from the grape seeds ranged between 7 and 160 g kg dw. The main fatty acids were linoleic (72.5-83.1%), oleic (6.2-15.5%), and palmitic (5.4-13.2%), which together constituted 92.8-97.1% of the total detected fatty acids. The total concentration of tocopherol (T) and tocotrienol (T3) homologues was between 0.785 and 9.033 g kg oil. The concentration of sterols varied significantly and ranged between 2.912 and 105.962 g kg oil. The β-sitosterol constituted 68.2-86.3% of the total content of sterols. The oil yield in grape seeds significantly correlated with the oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, α-T, α-T3, γ-T3, campesterol, Δ5-stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and total Ts + T3 s and sterols.
The present study demonstrated that seed oil recovered from different interspecific Vitis crosses is a rich source of minor lipophilic bioactive compounds, especially genotypes with low oil content. They can be used to enrich plant oils that are poor in tocotrienols and/or phytosterols without changing the fatty acid composition of main oil, due to low enrichment quantities (micro-blends). © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
人们对酿酒葡萄(Vitis vinifera)的研究已经相当深入，但对其他葡萄属(Vitis)种间杂交种（如 V. vinifera、V. amurensis、V. rupestris、V. riparia 和 V. labruska）的了解却非常有限。
从葡萄种子中回收的油产量在 7 至 160g/kg 干重之间。主要脂肪酸为亚油酸（72.5-83.1%）、油酸（6.2-15.5%）和棕榈酸（5.4-13.2%），它们共同构成了总检测脂肪酸的 92.8-97.1%。生育酚（T）和三烯生育酚（T3）同系物的总浓度在 0.785 至 9.033g/kg 油之间。甾醇的浓度差异很大，范围在 2.912 至 105.962g/kg 油之间。β-谷甾醇构成了甾醇总量的 68.2-86.3%。葡萄籽油产量与油酸、α-亚麻酸、α-T、α-T3、γ-T3、菜油甾醇、Δ5-豆甾烷醇、β-谷甾醇和总 T 加 T3 和甾醇显著相关。
本研究表明，不同种间 Vitis 杂交种的种子油是多种脂溶性生物活性化合物的丰富来源，尤其是那些油含量低的基因型。由于微量浓缩（微混合），它们可以用于丰富植物油，这些油中缺乏三烯生育酚和/或植物甾醇，而不会改变主要油的脂肪酸组成。 © 2018 化学工业协会。
