Luma Henry Namme, Halle Marie Patrice, Eloumou Servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka, Azingala Fondong, Kamdem Felicite, Donfack-Sontsa Olivier, Ashuntantang Gloria
Internal Medicine Service, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.
Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Pan Afr Med J. 2017 Jul 31;27:235. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2017.27.235.13121. eCollection 2017.
Haemodialysis (HD) patients are potentially susceptible to infection with blood borne viral agents especially; Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C Viruses (HCV), compared to the general population. We described their epidemiology in two newly created haemodialysis units in Cameroon: the Buea and Bamenda haemodialysis centres.
A cross sectional study: included were patients who had spent at least three months in haemodialysis. HBV, HCV and HIV serologies were determined and patients' characteristics extracted from patient's records.
We included 104 participants (44 in Buea and 60 in Bamenda). Mean age was 48 years and 65.4% were men. Median duration in dialysis was 14 months. One of the three viral markers was present in 40.1% of patients. The hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-HCV and anti-HIV antibody prevalence were respectively 10.6%, 19.2%, 13.5%. A history of sexually transmitted infection was the only variable associated with anti-HIV antibody positivity.
The sero-prevalence of HBsAg, HCV and HIV are high in the two centres. HIV prevalence may have reflected its etiology as a cause of ESKD. HCV remains a cause for concern and needs further evaluation. There is urgent need for the implementation of preventive and control measures.
与普通人群相比，血液透析（HD）患者尤其容易感染血源病毒，特别是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）。我们描述了喀麦隆两个新建血液透析单位（布埃亚和巴门达血液透析中心）的这些病毒的流行病学情况。
一项横断面研究：纳入了至少接受血液透析三个月的患者。检测了HBV、HCV和HIV血清学指标，并从患者记录中提取患者特征。
我们纳入了104名参与者（布埃亚44名，巴门达60名）。平均年龄为48岁，65.4%为男性。透析的中位时长为14个月。40.1%的患者存在三种病毒标志物之一。乙型肝炎表面抗原、抗HCV和抗HIV抗体的患病率分别为10.6%、19.2%、13.5%。性传播感染史是与抗HIV抗体阳性相关的唯一变量。
这两个中心的HBsAg、HCV和HIV血清流行率较高。HIV流行率可能反映了其作为终末期肾病病因的情况。HCV仍然令人担忧，需要进一步评估。迫切需要实施预防和控制措施。
