Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), C/ Agustin Escardino, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2017 Dec;72(4):353-359. doi: 10.1007/s11130-017-0635-0.
Studies on porous starch have been directed to explore different industrial applications as bio-adsorbents of a variety of compounds. However, the analysis of starch digestibility is essential for food application. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of porous structure on in vitro starch digestibility. Porous starches were obtained using a range of concentrations of amyloglucosidase (AMG), α-amylase (AM), cyclodextrin-glycosyltransferase (CGTase) or branching enzyme (BE). Porous starches exhibited major content of digestible starch (DS) that increased with the intensity of the enzymatic treatment, and very low amount of resistant starch (RS). Porous starches behaved differently during in vitro hydrolysis depending on their enzymatic treatment. AMG was the unique treatment that increased the digestive amylolysis and estimated glycemic index, whereas AM, CGTase and BE reduced them. A significant relationship was found between the pore size and the severity of the amylolysis, suggesting that a specific pore size is required for the accessibility of the digestive amylase. Therefore, pore size in the starch surface was a limiting factor for digestion of starch granules.
多孔淀粉的研究旨在探索不同的工业应用，作为各种化合物的生物吸附剂。然而，淀粉消化率的分析对于食品应用是必不可少的。本研究的目的是确定多孔结构对体外淀粉消化率的影响。使用不同浓度的淀粉葡糖苷酶（AMG）、α-淀粉酶（AM）、环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶（CGTase）或分支酶（BE）制备多孔淀粉。多孔淀粉表现出较高的可消化淀粉（DS）含量，随着酶处理强度的增加而增加，而抗性淀粉（RS）含量非常低。根据酶处理的不同，多孔淀粉在体外水解过程中的行为也不同。AMG 是唯一能增加消化淀粉水解和估计血糖指数的处理方法，而 AM、CGTase 和 BE 则降低了它们的含量。发现孔大小与淀粉水解的严重程度之间存在显著关系，表明消化淀粉酶的可及性需要特定的孔大小。因此，淀粉颗粒表面的孔径是限制淀粉消化的因素。
