Beauval Nicolas, Antherieu Sébastien, Soyez Mélissa, Gengler Nicolas, Grova Nathalie, Howsam Michael, Hardy Emilie M, Fischer Marc, Appenzeller Brice M R, Goossens Jean-François, Allorge Delphine, Garçon Guillaume, Lo-Guidice Jean-Marc, Garat Anne
Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483-IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, F-59000 Lille, France.
IMT Lille Douai, Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement (SAGE), F-59508 Douai Cedex, France/Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
J Anal Toxicol. 2017 Oct 1;41(8):670-678. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkx054.
Electronic cigarette use has raised concern worldwide regarding potential health risks and its position in tobacco cessation strategies. As part of any toxicity assessment, the chemical characterization of e-liquids and their related vapors are among fundamental data to be determined. Considering the lack of available reference methods, we developed and validated several analytical procedures in order to conduct a multicomponent analysis of six e-liquid refills and their resultant vapor emissions (generated by a smoking machine), and compared them with tobacco smoke. We combined several techniques including gas-chromatography, high and ultra-performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma with mass spectrometry or ultraviolet and flame ionization detection in order to identify the main e-liquid constituents (propylene glycol, glycerol and nicotine), as well as multiple potentially harmful components (trace elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides and carbonyl compounds). Regarding propylene glycol, glycerol and nicotine concentrations, the six tested e-liquids comply with the advertised composition and contain only traces of pollutants. Noticeable lower concentrations of trace elements (≤3.4 pg/mL puff), pesticides (<LOQ), PAHs (≤4.1 pg/mL puff) and carbonyls (≤2.11 ng/mL puff) were measured in e-vapors compared to those in cigarette smoke (up to 45.0 pg/mL puff, 8.7 pg/mL puff, 560.8 pg/mL puff and 1540 ng/mL puff, respectively). Although an accurate characterization of electronic cigarette emissions requires further analytical optimizations, our results have shown that vaping exposes the user to lesser amounts of selected toxic components of concern found in some representative French e-cigarette products than does smoking typical conventional cigarettes.
电子烟的使用已在全球范围内引发了对其潜在健康风险及其在戒烟策略中地位的关注。作为任何毒性评估的一部分，电子液体及其相关蒸汽的化学特征是需要确定的基本数据之一。考虑到缺乏可用的参考方法，我们开发并验证了几种分析程序，以便对六种电子烟补充装及其产生的蒸汽排放物（由吸烟机产生）进行多组分分析，并将它们与烟草烟雾进行比较。我们结合了多种技术，包括气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法和超高效液相色谱法以及电感耦合等离子体质谱法或紫外和火焰离子化检测法，以识别电子液体的主要成分（丙二醇、甘油和尼古丁）以及多种潜在有害成分（微量元素、多环芳烃（PAHs）、农药和羰基化合物）。关于丙二醇、甘油和尼古丁的浓度，六种测试的电子烟补充装符合宣传的成分，仅含有痕量污染物。与香烟烟雾中的含量（分别高达45.0 pg/mL吸量、8.7 pg/mL吸量、560.8 pg/mL吸量和1540 ng/mL吸量）相比，电子烟蒸汽中测量到的微量元素（≤3.4 pg/mL吸量）、农药（<检测限）、多环芳烃（≤4.1 pg/mL吸量）和羰基化合物（≤2.11 ng/mL吸量）的浓度明显较低。尽管对电子烟排放物进行准确表征需要进一步的分析优化，但我们的结果表明，与吸食典型的传统香烟相比，吸电子烟使使用者接触到的某些法国代表性电子烟产品中选定的有毒有害成分的量更少。
