School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Neuropsychologia. 2017 Nov;106:216-224. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.10.003. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
It is well known that information that is initially thought to be correct but then revealed to be false, often continues to influence human judgement and decision making despite people being aware of the retraction. Yet little research has examined the underlying neural substrates of this phenomenon, which is known as the 'continued influence effect of misinformation' (CIEM). It remains unclear how the human brain processes critical information that retracts prior claims. To address this question in further detail, 26 healthy adults underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while listening to brief narratives which either involved a retraction of prior information or not. Following each narrative, subjects' comprehension of the narrative, including their inclination to rely on retracted information, was probed. As expected, it was found that retracted information continued to affect participants' narrative-related reasoning. In addition, the fMRI data indicated that the continued influence of retracted information may be due to a breakdown of narrative-level integration and coherence-building mechanisms implemented by the precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus.
众所周知，最初被认为是正确的信息，但随后被证明是错误的，即使人们意识到了撤回，它仍然会继续影响人类的判断和决策。然而，很少有研究探讨这种被称为“错误信息持续影响效应”（CIEM）的现象背后的神经基础。目前尚不清楚人类大脑如何处理撤回先前主张的关键信息。为了更详细地解决这个问题，26 名健康成年人在进行功能磁共振成像（fMRI）时，听取了涉及撤回先前信息或不涉及撤回先前信息的简短叙述。在每个叙述之后，测试对象对叙述的理解，包括他们依赖撤回信息的倾向，都进行了探测。正如预期的那样，研究发现撤回的信息继续影响参与者与叙述相关的推理。此外，fMRI 数据表明，撤回信息的持续影响可能是由于楔前叶和后扣带回的叙述级整合和连贯性构建机制的崩溃所致。
