Arch Dis Child. 1988 Jun;63(6):587-91. doi: 10.1136/adc.63.6.587.
We examined 3534 boys for cryptorchidism at birth, and, if present, again at 3 months of age. We compared Scorer's standard criterion for cryptorchidism, based on measurement of the testis from the public tubercle, with the simpler criterion of whether the testis was in the normal position, well down in the scrotum. At birth 210 (5.9%) boys were cryptorchid by measurement and 220 (6.2%) by position. By 3 months of age the cryptorchidism rate was identical (1.6%) whichever criterion was used. We therefore recommend that position be used as the sole criterion for diagnosing cryptorchidism. There was a clear decrease in the cryptorchidism rate with increasing birth weight. A testis that was undescended at birth was more likely to descend spontaneously by 3 months the lower its position along the normal pathway of descent. For a given position of the testis, cryptorchid babies weighing less than 2500 g had a greater chance of spontaneous descent by 3 months than larger babies. An independent effect of gestation is suggested; cryptorchid babies of less than 37 weeks' gestation were more likely to have normally descended testes at 3 months than babies of longer gestation.
我们在出生时对3534名男婴进行了隐睾症检查，若有隐睾，在3个月大时再次检查。我们将基于从耻骨结节测量睾丸的斯考勒隐睾症标准与睾丸是否处于正常位置（即阴囊深处）这一更简单的标准进行了比较。出生时，通过测量有210名（5.9%）男婴患有隐睾症，通过位置判断有220名（6.2%）患有隐睾症。到3个月大时，无论使用哪种标准，隐睾症发生率均相同（1.6%）。因此，我们建议将位置作为诊断隐睾症的唯一标准。随着出生体重增加，隐睾症发生率明显下降。出生时未降入阴囊的睾丸，沿着正常下降路径位置越低，在3个月时越有可能自行下降。对于睾丸处于给定位置的情况，体重小于2500克的隐睾男婴在3个月时比体重较大的男婴更有可能自行下降。这表明存在独立的孕周影响；孕周小于37周的隐睾男婴在3个月时睾丸正常下降的可能性比孕周较长的男婴更大。
