Kolmer J A, Bernardo A, Bai G, Hayden M J, Chao S
First author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN 55108; second author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; third author: USDA-ARS Hard Red Winter Wheat Genetics Research, Manhattan, KS 66506; fourth author: Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio Center, LaTrobe University, Bundorra, Victoria 3083, Australia; and fifth author: USDA, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo ND 58102.
Phytopathology. 2018 Feb;108(2):246-253. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-07-17-0254-R. Epub 2018 Jan 2.
Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is an important disease of wheat in many regions worldwide. Durable or long-lasting leaf rust resistance has been difficult to achieve because populations of P. triticina are highly variable for virulence to race-specific resistance genes, and respond to selection by resistance genes in released wheat cultivars. The wheat cultivar Toropi, developed and grown in Brazil, was noted to have long-lasting leaf rust resistance that was effective only in adult plants. The objectives of this study were to determine the chromosome location of the leaf rust resistance genes derived from Toropi in two populations of recombinant inbred lines in a partial Thatcher wheat background. In the first population, a single gene with major effects on chromosome 5DS that mapped 2.2 centimorgans distal to IWA6289, strongly reduced leaf rust severity in all 3 years of field plot tests. This gene for adult plant leaf rust resistance was designated as Lr78. In the second population, quantitative trait loci (QTL) with small effects on chromosomes 1BL, 3BS, and 4BS were found. These QTL expressed inconsistently over 4 years of field plot tests. The adult plant leaf rust resistance derived from Toropi involved a complex combination of QTL with large and small effects.
由小麦叶锈菌引起的叶锈病是全球许多地区小麦的一种重要病害。由于小麦叶锈菌群体对小种特异性抗性基因的毒力高度可变，并对已发布小麦品种中的抗性基因选择做出反应，因此难以实现持久的叶锈病抗性。在巴西培育和种植的小麦品种Toropi被认为具有仅在成株中有效的持久叶锈病抗性。本研究的目的是确定在部分Thatcher小麦背景下的两个重组自交系群体中，源自Toropi的叶锈病抗性基因的染色体定位。在第一个群体中，位于5DS染色体上对IWA6289远端2.2厘摩处的一个具有主要效应的单基因，在3年的田间小区试验中均显著降低了叶锈病严重程度。这个成株叶锈病抗性基因被命名为Lr78。在第二个群体中，在1BL、3BS和4BS染色体上发现了效应较小的数量性状位点（QTL）。这些QTL在4年的田间小区试验中表达不一致。源自Toropi的成株叶锈病抗性涉及大小效应QTL的复杂组合。
