Department of Neurology, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States.
Department of Neurology, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
J Neurol Sci. 2017 Oct 15;381:165-168. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3245. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
There is inadequate information on the morbidity and mortality (M&M) from neurological diseases in sub-Saharan Africa.
To record the M&M from neurological diseases in adults in Cameroon from 2013 to 2015 using a registry and surveillance from two urban health care centers.
Records from all adult admissions from two urban hospitals over a two year period were reviewed. Adult cases with neurological diagnosis as the main cause for admission were identified. The neurological diagnosis was made by a neurologist in all cases. Variables analyzed were: demographics, neurological diagnosis, medical history, medical center characteristics, morbidity and mortality (M&M). Neurological diseases were classified according to ICD-10.
Among the 2225 neurological admissions of adults, death from neurological disease was recorded in 423 patients (19.01%), and disability in 819 of the survivors (53.6%). The factors that were significantly associated with death in the multivariate analysis were age, history of ischemic cardiac disease, and neurological diagnoses of CNS infection, cerebrovascular disease, and CNS tumor. Similarly, factors associated with disability were medical history of HIV, and cerebrovascular disease, and neurological diagnoses of cerebrovascular disease and CNS tumor. Higher educational level and epilepsy were associated with less disability.
As expected in this sample, older patients with neurological diseases had more M&M. Morbidity was inversely associated with education, which given that cerebrovascular disease is by far the most common cause of morbidity, indicates the power of risk factor control in preventing neurological disability.
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，有关神经疾病发病率和死亡率（M&M）的信息不足。
利用两个城市医疗中心的登记和监测，记录 2013 年至 2015 年期间喀麦隆成年人的神经疾病 M&M。
对两个城市医院两年内所有成年住院患者的记录进行了回顾。确定了以神经系统疾病为主要入院原因的成年病例。所有病例的神经系统诊断均由神经科医生做出。分析的变量包括：人口统计学、神经系统诊断、病史、医疗中心特征、发病率和死亡率（M&M）。神经系统疾病按 ICD-10 分类。
在 2225 例成人神经系统入院病例中，有 423 例（19.01%）死于神经疾病，819 例幸存者（53.6%）残疾。多变量分析显示，与死亡相关的因素有年龄、缺血性心脏病史以及中枢神经系统感染、脑血管病和中枢神经系统肿瘤等神经系统诊断。同样，与残疾相关的因素包括 HIV 病史、脑血管病以及脑血管病和中枢神经系统肿瘤等神经系统诊断。较高的教育水平和癫痫与较少的残疾有关。
在这个样本中，与预期的一样，患有神经疾病的老年患者的 M&M 更多。发病率与教育程度呈反比，鉴于脑血管病迄今为止是发病率最常见的原因，这表明控制危险因素在预防神经残疾方面的重要性。
