Impact of the National Control of Diarrhoeal Diseases Project on infant and child mortality in Dakahlia, Egypt. National Control of Diarrheal Diseases Project.

The Egyptian National Control of Diarrheal Diseases Project (NCDDP) started in 1983. A field trial done in Dakahlia Governorate in 1980 to promote oral rehydration therapy showed that the mortality rate for the under-fives during the diarrhoea season was 18.1/1000 in control villages and 10.5/1000 in "outreach" villages (p less than 0.001). In 1986 mortality rates had become similar in the two areas and lower than in 1980 (6.5/1000 and 6.0/1000, respectively), even though there were no significant changes in diarrhoea incidence. Virtually all the reduction in mortality was due to a decline in diarrhoea-associated deaths. The principal differences between 1986 and 1980 were better case-management by mothers and doctors, in both outreach and control villages, and far greater television ownership. Village civil registers showed only slight changes in under-five mortality from all causes after 1980, but an accelerating decline from 1983. Governorate-wide civil registration data showed slowly falling infant death rates from 1970 onward, accelerating after 1982, with most of the decline corresponding to the seasonal pattern of diarrhoea-associated mortality throughout the year. Thus NCDDP promotion of better treatment seems to have been responsible for the decline in mortality.