State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China.
CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China.
J Exp Bot. 2017 Dec 18;69(1):21-37. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erx262.
Protein secretion is an essential process in all eukaryotic cells and its mechanisms have been extensively studied. Proteins with an N-terminal leading sequence or transmembrane domain are delivered through the conventional protein secretion (CPS) pathway from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus. This feature is conserved in yeast, animals, and plants. In contrast, the transport of leaderless secretory proteins (LSPs) from the cytosol to the cell exterior is accomplished via the unconventional protein secretion (UPS) pathway. So far, the CPS pathway has been well characterized in plants, with several recent studies providing new information about the regulatory mechanisms involved. On the other hand, studies on UPS pathways in plants remain descriptive, although a connection between UPS and the plant defense response is becoming more and more apparent. In this review, we present an update on CPS and UPS. With the emergence of new techniques, a more comprehensive understanding of protein secretion in plants can be expected in the future.
蛋白质分泌是所有真核细胞的基本过程，其机制已得到广泛研究。具有 N 端前导序列或跨膜结构域的蛋白质通过内质网 (ER) 到高尔基体的常规蛋白质分泌 (CPS) 途径被递送至细胞外。这种特征在酵母、动物和植物中都得到了保守。相比之下，无领导分泌蛋白 (LSP) 从细胞质到细胞外的运输是通过非传统的蛋白质分泌 (UPS) 途径完成的。到目前为止，植物中的 CPS 途径已经得到了很好的描述，最近的几项研究提供了有关涉及的调节机制的新信息。另一方面，植物 UPS 途径的研究仍然是描述性的，尽管 UPS 与植物防御反应之间的联系越来越明显。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了 CPS 和 UPS 的最新进展。随着新技术的出现，未来有望更全面地了解植物中的蛋白质分泌。
