Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Domain of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health , P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Nov 7;51(21):12836-12843. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03516. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), including fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs), perfluoroalkyl sulfonamidoethanols (FOSEs), and perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides (FOSAs), were assessed in 61 residential indoor air and 15 personal air samples collected in Oslo area, Norway. FTOHs were detected in all samples, and the median concentrations in residential indoor air were 2970, 10400, and 3120 pg m for 6:2, 8:2, and 10:2 FTOH, respectively. This is similar to or higher than previously reported in studies from the same geographical area and worldwide. FOSEs and FOSAs were detected in 49-70% and 7-13% of the residential indoor air samples, respectively. The median FTOH concentrations observed in personal air were 1970, 7170, and 1590 pg m for 6:2, 8:2, and 10:2 FTOH, respectively, which is 30 to 50% lower than the median concentrations in residential indoor air. No FOSEs or FOSAs were detected above the method detection limit (MDL) in the personal air samples. Intakes of perfluorohexanoate (PFHxA), perfluoroheptanoate (PFHpA), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorononanoate (PFNA), perfluorodecanoate (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoate (PFUnDA), and perfluorooctyl sulfonate (PFOS) through inhalation and biotransformation of PFAS precursors in air were estimated. Median intakes of 1.7, 0.17, 5.7, 0.57, 1.8, 0.18, and 2.3 pg kg bw day were obtained in residential indoor air, while 1.0, 0.10, 3.3, 0.33, 0.88, and 0.09 pg kg bw day were found in personal air for PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, and PFOS, respectively. The median PFOA intakes from residential indoor air (5.7 pg kg bw day) and personal air (3.3 pg kg bw day) were both around 5 orders of magnitude lower than the tolerable daily intake (TDI) reported by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).
全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFASs），包括氟调聚物醇（FTOHs）、全氟烷基磺酰胺基乙醇（FOSEs）和全氟烷基磺酰胺（FOSAs），在挪威奥斯陆地区采集的 61 个住宅室内空气和 15 个个人空气样本中进行了评估。所有样本中均检测到 FTOHs，住宅室内空气中的中位数浓度分别为 6:2、8:2 和 10:2 FTOH 的 2970、10400 和 3120 pg/m。这与来自同一地理区域和全球的先前报告相似或更高。FOSEs 和 FOSAs 分别在 49-70%和 7-13%的住宅室内空气样本中被检测到。个人空气中 FTOH 的中位数浓度分别为 6:2、8:2 和 10:2 FTOH 的 1970、7170 和 1590 pg/m，比住宅室内空气中的中位数浓度低 30-50%。在个人空气样本中，FOSEs 和 FOSAs 均未超过方法检测限（MDL）。通过吸入和空气中 PFAS 前体的生物转化，估算了全氟己酸（PFHxA）、全氟庚酸（PFHpA）、全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟壬酸（PFNA）、全氟癸酸（PFDA）、全氟十一烷酸（PFUnDA）和全氟辛基磺酸（PFOS）的摄入量。在住宅室内空气中，PFHxA、PFHpA、PFOA、PFNA、PFDA、PFUnDA 和 PFOS 的中位数摄入量分别为 1.7、0.17、5.7、0.57、1.8、0.18 和 2.3 pg/kg bw/day，而在个人空气中，相应的摄入量分别为 1.0、0.10、3.3、0.33、0.88 和 0.09 pg/kg bw/day。住宅室内空气（5.7 pg/kg bw/day）和个人空气（3.3 pg/kg bw/day）中的 PFOA 摄入量均比欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）报告的可耐受每日摄入量（TDI）低 5 个数量级左右。
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