Allamani Allaman, Beccaria Franca, Einstein S
Agenzia Regionale di Sanità, Villa la Quiete alle Montalve, via Pietro Dazzi 1, 50141 Firenze, Italy.
Eclectica, via Silvio Pellico 1, 10125 Torino, Italy.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2017 Nov 1;52(6):706-714. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agx048.
Providing one set of policy measures for all countries as if they were a single, homogeneous entity does not appear to be evidence-based, according to recent research on the effectiveness of alcoholic beverage control policies. Contextual and cultural determinants-social, economic, demographic, cultural and political-appear to be major factors of influencing change in drinking trends, drinking patterns and drinking-related harms. The variable interplay between contextual determinants and alcohol control policy measures implies diverse impacts on consumption and harm according to time, and to the different countries and groups of countries. In addition, epidemiology research manifests some limitations when applied to alcohol drinking and results are transferred from one culture to another. The conditions of individual cultures and countries should be considered when planning and evaluating alcohol control policies.
根据近期关于酒精饮料控制政策有效性的研究，为所有国家提供一套统一的政策措施，就好像它们是一个单一的、同质化的实体，这似乎缺乏证据支持。背景和文化决定因素——社会、经济、人口、文化和政治因素——似乎是影响饮酒趋势、饮酒模式和与饮酒相关危害变化的主要因素。背景决定因素与酒精控制政策措施之间的可变相互作用意味着，根据时间以及不同国家和国家群体的情况，对消费和危害会产生不同的影响。此外，流行病学研究在应用于饮酒问题并将结果从一种文化转移到另一种文化时存在一些局限性。在规划和评估酒精控制政策时，应考虑各个文化和国家的情况。
