School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK.
Syst Rev. 2017 Oct 11;6(1):198. doi: 10.1186/s13643-017-0586-4.
The onset of bathing disability for older adults has been found to be an indicator and potential precursor of further disability. Thus interventions targeting bathing may prevent or delay further disability and the use of health and social care services. The aim of this systematic review was to identify interventions targeted at reducing dependency in bathing for community dwelling older adults, and determine their content and effectiveness in maintaining or improving function and quality of life.
We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases including: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); MEDLINE; EMBASE; AMED; CINAHL; PsycINFO and OTSeeker. The search took place on 18 October 2016. We included randomised controlled trials, nonrandomised controlled trials, and controlled before and after studies that evaluated an intervention designed to reduce dependency in bathing. Articles were screened for inclusion by two independent reviewers; risk of bias was assessed using quality assessment tools; and data extracted using pre-prepared forms. Disagreements were resolved by discussion and inclusion of a third reviewer.
The search process identified one study for inclusion in the review. This study evaluated a bathing intervention delivered by an occupational therapist following discharge from hospital. Overall, the findings suggest modest improvements in functional ability in favour of the intervention group although the results should be interpreted with caution.
Despite evidence suggesting the importance of addressing bathing difficulties as a means of possible prevention of disability in the ageing process, there is a dearth of evaluative or interventional research studies. Further robust research is warranted, including studies of randomised and controlled design.
老年人洗澡能力丧失的发生被认为是进一步残疾的指标和潜在前兆。因此，针对洗澡的干预措施可能预防或延迟进一步残疾以及对卫生和社会保健服务的使用。本系统评价的目的是确定针对减少社区居住的老年人洗澡依赖的干预措施，并确定其在维持或改善功能和生活质量方面的内容和效果。
我们对电子数据库进行了系统搜索，包括：Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库（CENTRAL）；MEDLINE；EMBASE；AMED；CINAHL；PsycINFO 和 OTSeeker。搜索于 2016 年 10 月 18 日进行。我们纳入了旨在减少洗澡依赖的干预措施的随机对照试验、非随机对照试验和对照前后研究。由两名独立评审员对文章进行筛选，纳入风险评估使用质量评估工具进行评估；并使用预先准备的表格提取数据。通过讨论和纳入第三位评审员解决分歧。
搜索过程确定了一项纳入研究的研究。这项研究评估了一项由职业治疗师在出院后提供的洗澡干预措施。总体而言，研究结果表明，干预组的功能能力有适度改善，但结果应谨慎解释。
尽管有证据表明解决洗澡困难作为预防老龄化过程中残疾的一种手段的重要性，但评估或干预性研究很少。需要进一步进行强有力的研究，包括随机对照设计的研究。
