Lavaju P, Shah S, Sharma S, Maskey R
Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan;9(18):17-23. doi: 10.3126/nepjoph.v9i1.17526.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the risk factors for Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Inclusion of DM as a risk factor for POAG is controversial. The objectives of the study were to investigate whether Type II (T2) DM is a risk factor for POAG and to determine central corneal thickness (CCT) in the subjects with T2DM and to examine the relationship between T2DM and intraocular pressure (IOP).
A comparative cross sectional study was conducted including 189 subjects of age > 40 years. In Group I, 113 patients diagnosed with T2DM and Group II, age and sex matched 76 subjects with POAG without DM was included. Detailed ocular examination, IOP, CCT and funduscopy evaluation was done.
Most of the patients were more than 60 years of age with mean age 58 ± 11 years. Male: female ratio was 1:1. POAG was seen in 27.4% of patients with T2DM. Mean IOP in T2DM was 14.67± 2.63mmHg and in non diabetic, 17.25±4.47 mmHg (p less than0.00). In group I, mean CCT was 538.83± 22.7μm and in group II, 531.26 ± 20.9μm (p-0.126). There was no association between CCT and glaucoma (p=0.072, 95% CI: -0.76 -17.46). The study could not elicit an association of T2DM with glaucoma. Duration of T2DM did not affect an association between T2DM and glaucoma (p-0.757). Random blood sugar (p less than0.001) and oral hypoglycemic drugs (p=0.030) showed an association with glaucoma.
The study failed to show an association between T2DM and primary open angle glaucoma and CCT though an association seen with IOP. A larger prospective comparative study may be help in understanding this association.
糖尿病（DM）是原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）的危险因素之一。将DM列为POAG的危险因素存在争议。本研究的目的是调查2型糖尿病（T2DM）是否为POAG的危险因素，确定T2DM患者的中央角膜厚度（CCT），并研究T2DM与眼压（IOP）之间的关系。
进行了一项比较性横断面研究，纳入189名年龄大于40岁的受试者。第一组包括113例诊断为T2DM的患者，第二组为76名年龄和性别匹配的无DM的POAG患者。进行了详细的眼部检查、眼压测量、CCT测量和眼底镜评估。
大多数患者年龄超过60岁，平均年龄为58±11岁。男女比例为1:1。T2DM患者中27.4%患有POAG。T2DM患者的平均眼压为14.67±2.63mmHg，非糖尿病患者为17.25±4.47mmHg（p<0.00）。第一组的平均CCT为538.83±22.7μm，第二组为531.26±20.9μm（p=0.126）。CCT与青光眼之间无关联（p=0.072，95%CI：-0.76-17.46）。该研究未发现T2DM与青光眼之间存在关联。T2DM的病程不影响T2DM与青光眼之间的关联（p=0.757）。随机血糖（p<0.001）和口服降糖药（p=0.030）与青光眼有关联。
该研究未能显示T2DM与原发性开角型青光眼及CCT之间存在关联，尽管发现与眼压有关联。一项更大规模的前瞻性比较研究可能有助于理解这种关联。
