Maarefvand Masoomeh, Shirazi Mohammad Sadegh, Peyravi Raha, Farhoudian Ali
Assistant Professor, Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Researcher, Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Addict Health. 2017 Jan;9(1):32-39.
There are different street substance users' communities (SSUCs). Typology of SSUCs in Tehran, Iran was approached in this qualitative study.
Using content analysis and saturation principles, 22 street-outreach workers were recruited and interviewed. Data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding.
Three types of SSUCs were identified. SSUCs were different in geographic location, the community hierarchy, roles of residents and its function during a 24-hour period. Type 1: surrounded naturally by trees, mountains etc. or located in places like canals that make them not simply reachable, a nonresident smuggler (or a small group of smugglers) has the most power in its hierarchy, works 24 hours with at least two shifts, structured with special roles (nonresident smuggler, the Balancer, sex-worker, seller, armed guard, resident substance users and nonresident costumers). Type 2: mostly located in the city gardens, several nonresident smugglers with limited power, works 16 hours or less in a day, semi-structured with roles of nonresident drug dealer, sex-worker, resident substance users and nonresident costumers. Type 3: houses that their landlords are the resident drug dealers and let the costumers to use drug in the house. The substance users have to leave the house after using drug. The house is open less than 24 hours a day.
Strategies for delivering harm reduction services in different types of SSUCs should be modified according to characteristics of these communities.
存在不同的街头毒品使用者社区（SSUCs）。本定性研究探讨了伊朗德黑兰街头毒品使用者社区的类型。
采用内容分析法和饱和原则，招募并访谈了22名街头外展工作者。使用开放式、轴心式和选择性编码对数据进行分析。
确定了三种类型的街头毒品使用者社区。这些社区在地理位置、社区层级、居民角色及其在24小时期间的功能方面存在差异。类型1：自然被树木、山脉等环绕，或位于运河等难以轻易到达的地方，非居民走私者（或一小群走私者）在其层级中权力最大，24小时工作，至少两班倒，有特殊角色结构（非居民走私者、平衡者、性工作者、卖家、武装警卫、居民毒品使用者和非居民顾客）。类型2：大多位于城市花园，有几个权力有限的非居民走私者，一天工作16小时或更少，结构半结构化，有非居民毒贩、性工作者、居民毒品使用者和非居民顾客等角色。类型3：房屋的房东是居民毒贩，让顾客在屋内使用毒品。毒品使用者使用完毒品后必须离开房屋。房屋每天开放时间少于24小时。
应根据不同类型街头毒品使用者社区的特点调整提供减少伤害服务的策略。
