Asif Arun, Manzoor Sobia, Tuz-Zahra Fatima, Saalim Muhammad, Ashraf Maliha, Ishtiyaq Javeria, Khalid Madiha
Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Bio-Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology , Islamabad, Pakistan .
Viral Immunol. 2017 Dec;30(10):682-690. doi: 10.1089/vim.2017.0046. Epub 2017 Oct 13.
The sudden emergence of infectious pathogens such as Zika virus (ZIKV) holds global health concerns. Recent dissemination of ZIKV from Pacific to Americas with an upsurge of congenital anomalies and Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) in adults has created an alarming situation. High-throughput studies are in progress to understand ZIKV's mode of pathogenesis and mechanism of immune escape, yet the pathogenesis remains obscure. Mainly ZIKV's envelope (E) protein and nonstructural proteins (mainly NS1 and NS5) manipulate host cell to support viral immune escape by modulation of the interferon pathway and complement antagonism. The development of direct therapeutics for ZIKV infection is required to overcome the rapidly evolving viral threat. Currently, the existing strategies for ZIKV treatment are only supportive. Although, there is no prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine presently available, however, recent efforts have brought up ZIKV vaccines into clinical trial phase 1. This review presents the highlights of recent advances in understanding immune evasion strategies adapted by ZIKV and existing therapies against the virus.
寨卡病毒（ZIKV）等传染性病原体的突然出现引发了全球对健康的担忧。近期，寨卡病毒从太平洋地区传播至美洲地区，导致成人先天性异常和吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）激增，这一情况令人担忧。目前正在进行高通量研究，以了解寨卡病毒的发病机制和免疫逃逸机制，但发病机制仍不明确。寨卡病毒的包膜（E）蛋白和非结构蛋白（主要是NS1和NS5）主要通过调节干扰素途径和补体拮抗作用来操纵宿主细胞，以支持病毒的免疫逃逸。为了克服迅速演变的病毒威胁，需要开发针对寨卡病毒感染的直接疗法。目前，现有的寨卡病毒治疗策略仅为支持性治疗。虽然目前尚无预防性或治疗性疫苗，但最近的努力已使寨卡病毒疫苗进入临床试验1期。本综述介绍了在理解寨卡病毒采用的免疫逃逸策略以及针对该病毒的现有疗法方面的最新进展要点。
