Gaspelin Nicholas, Luck Steven J
Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2018 Apr;44(4):626-644. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000484. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
Previous research has revealed that people can suppress salient stimuli that might otherwise capture visual attention. The present study tests between 3 possible mechanisms of visual suppression. According to , items are suppressed on the basis of simple feature values. According to , items are suppressed on the basis of local discontinuities within a given feature dimension. According to , items are suppressed on the basis of their dimension-independent salience levels. The current study distinguished among these models by varying the predictability of the singleton color value. If items are suppressed by virtue of salience alone, then it should not matter whether the singleton color is predictable. However, evidence from probe processing and eye movements indicated that suppression is possible only when the color values are predictable. Moreover, the ability to suppress salient items developed gradually as participants gained experience with the feature that defined the salient distractor. These results are consistent with first-order feature suppression models, and are inconsistent with the other models of suppression. In other words, people primarily suppress salient distractors on the basis of their simple features and not on the basis of salience per se. (PsycINFO Database Record
先前的研究表明，人们能够抑制那些可能会吸引视觉注意力的显著刺激。本研究对三种可能的视觉抑制机制进行了测试。根据[第一种机制]，项目是基于简单的特征值被抑制的。根据[第二种机制]，项目是基于给定特征维度内的局部不连续性被抑制的。根据[第三种机制]，项目是基于其与维度无关的显著水平被抑制的。当前的研究通过改变单一颜色值的可预测性来区分这些模型。如果项目仅仅凭借显著性被抑制，那么单一颜色是否可预测应该无关紧要。然而，来自探测加工和眼动的证据表明，只有当颜色值可预测时抑制才有可能。此外，随着参与者对定义显著干扰项的特征有了更多经验，抑制显著项目的能力逐渐发展起来。这些结果与一阶特征抑制模型一致，与其他抑制模型不一致。换句话说，人们主要基于显著干扰项的简单特征而非显著性本身来抑制它们。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
