Savelson Isaac, Hauck Christopher, Lien Mei-Ching, Ruthruff Eric, Leber Andrew B
Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 1835 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
School of Psychological Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2025 May;87(4):1132-1149. doi: 10.3758/s13414-025-03051-4. Epub 2025 Apr 11.
The ability to reduce the distraction associated with repetitive irrelevant stimuli is critical to goal-directed navigation of the visual environment. Research has supported the existence of such an ability, which has often been referred to as learned distractor rejection (Vatterott & Vecera Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 19, 871-878, 2012). However, despite being theoretically relevant to many prominent accounts of distractor ignoring, few studies have directly tested learned distractor rejection since its conception. In the current study we present three direct replications of Vatterott and Vecera's method that were separately conducted by two independent groups of researchers. Using the conventional split-block analysis, all three replications produce nearly identical results that fail to replicate the original study's finding. However, using analyses on a finer-grained timescale we found compelling evidence for the existence of a learned ignoring of salient distractors. Critically, this learning occurred much more rapidly than has been previously assumed, taking only two or three encounters with the distracting item before efficient rejection emerged.
减少与重复性无关刺激相关的干扰的能力对于视觉环境中的目标导向导航至关重要。研究支持了这种能力的存在，它通常被称为习得性干扰物抑制（瓦特罗特和韦塞拉，《心理onomic通报与评论》，19，871 - 878，2012）。然而，尽管在理论上与许多关于干扰物忽略的重要理论相关，但自其概念提出以来，很少有研究直接测试习得性干扰物抑制。在当前研究中，我们展示了由两组独立研究人员分别进行的瓦特罗特和韦塞拉方法的三次直接复制。使用传统的分割块分析，所有三次复制都产生了几乎相同的结果，未能复制原始研究的发现。然而，使用更细粒度时间尺度的分析，我们发现了令人信服的证据，证明存在对显著干扰物的习得性忽略。至关重要的是，这种学习比之前假设的要快得多，在有效抑制出现之前，只需与干扰项接触两三次即可。
