Kumar Ramesh, Bhatia Madhav, Pai Kalpana
Clin Lab. 2017 Oct 1;63(10):1549-1559. doi: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2017.170404.
Infection in humans with Leishmania manifests into a spectrum of diseases. The manifestations of the disease depend on the resultant evasion of the parasite to immune responses namely macrophages, which is an exclusive host of leishmania. The B cells valiantly mount antibody responses, however to no avail as the Leishmania parasites occupy the intracellular niches of the macrophages. Extensive studies have been documented on the role of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in protection and counter survival strategies of the parasites leading to down-regulation of CMI. The present review attempts to discuss the cytokines in progression or resolution of visceral form of leishmaniasis or kala-azar, predominantly affecting the Indian subcontinent. The components/cytokine(s) responsible for the regulation of the critical balance of Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17/Treg cells has been discussed in the perspective. Therefore, any strategy involving the treatment of VL needs to consider the balance and regulation of CD4+ T cell function.
人类感染利什曼原虫会表现出一系列疾病。疾病的表现取决于寄生虫对免疫反应（即巨噬细胞，利什曼原虫的唯一宿主）的逃避。B细胞勇敢地产生抗体反应，但由于利什曼原虫占据巨噬细胞的细胞内微环境，所以无济于事。关于细胞介导免疫（CMI）在寄生虫的保护和反生存策略中的作用已有大量研究记录，这些策略会导致CMI下调。本综述试图讨论细胞因子在主要影响印度次大陆的内脏利什曼病（即黑热病）的进展或消退中的作用。本文从该角度讨论了负责调节Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17/Treg细胞关键平衡的成分/细胞因子。因此，任何涉及治疗内脏利什曼病的策略都需要考虑CD4 + T细胞功能的平衡和调节。
