Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada; email:
Department of Psychology and Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada; email:
Annu Rev Psychol. 2018 Jan 4;69:51-75. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011740. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
The urge to move to music is universal among humans. Unlike visual art, which is manifest across space, music is manifest across time. When listeners get carried away by the music, either through movement (such as dancing) or through reverie (such as trance), it is usually the temporal qualities of the music-its pulse, tempo, and rhythmic patterns-that put them in this state. In this article, we review studies addressing rhythm, meter, movement, synchronization, entrainment, the perception of groove, and other temporal factors that constitute a first step to understanding how and why music literally moves us. The experiments we review span a range of methodological techniques, including neuroimaging, psychophysics, and traditional behavioral experiments, and we also summarize the current studies of animal synchronization, engaging an evolutionary perspective on human rhythmic perception and cognition.
人类普遍具有跟随音乐运动的冲动。与跨越空间的视觉艺术不同，音乐跨越时间而存在。当听众沉浸在音乐中时，无论是通过运动（如跳舞）还是遐想（如恍惚），通常是音乐的时间特性——它的节奏、速度和节奏模式——使他们进入这种状态。在本文中，我们回顾了一些研究，这些研究探讨了节奏、节拍、运动、同步、顺应、groove 的感知以及构成理解音乐如何以及为何真正打动我们的第一步的其他时间因素。我们回顾的实验涵盖了一系列方法学技术，包括神经影像学、心理物理学和传统的行为实验，我们还总结了目前关于动物同步的研究，从进化的角度探讨了人类的节奏感知和认知。
